Notable Legal Websites

 

Abduction

International Child Abduction Database
The International Child Abduction Database (INCADAT) established by the Permanent Bureau of the Hague Conference provides access to many of the leading judicial decisions of national courts around the world in respect of the Hague Convention of 25 October 1980 on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction. This multi-lateral treaty seeks to protect children from the harmful effects of parental abduction and retention across international boundaries by providing a procedure to bring about their prompt return. The database is accessible by simple or advanced search or by browsing a subject keyword list. INCADAT is a invaluable resource for legal practitioners and others interested in this important and rapidly developing branch of law.
http://www.incadat.com/index.cfm?fuseaction=stdtext.showMenutext&id=2&p=h&lng=1
Review date: April 5, 2001

Abused women--Ontario

Shelternet
Family law practitioners may want to take note of a new website specifically designed to help abused women find shelter in their local communities. Launched in August 2002 on the initiative of federal, provincial and municipal governments, Shelternet is a national information resource about shelters and their helplines for abused women and their children. The site features a clickable map of Canada proving locations and helplines of shelters as well as links to shelter websites, if available; a directory of all the shelters; safety plans; questions and answers about shelters and abuse; and a secure area for shelters to share resources.
http://www.shelternet.ca/splashpage.cfm
Review date: November 15, 2002

Admiralty--Canada

AdmiraltyLaw.com
Developed by the Vancouver law firm Giaschi and Margolis, AdmiraltyLaw.com covers maritime law, admiralty law, shipping law, marine law, the law of marine insurance, the law of the sea, ships, shipping, fisheries, and offshore oil and gas. The primary focus is presently Canadian law. Case summaries are arranged under the following topical headings: Admiralty Practice, Admiralty Jurisdiction, Carriage of Goods, Carriage of Passengers, Collisions, Fisheries Law, Liens, Limitation Periods, Limitation of Liability, Marine Insurance, Offshore Pollution, and Tug and Tow. Also provided are links to relevant statutes; selected papers and speeches given by the authors; "Shipping Law News," a page containing announcements and a list of recent cases linked to reasons, if available; a table of the cases summarized on the site; and an extensive collection of links to maritime law and admiralty law resources on the Internet. The site also has a search engine.
http://www.admiraltylaw.com/
Review date: May 1, 2006

Aeronautics--Law and legislation

Institute of Air & Space Law
The website of the Institute of Air & Space Law at McGill University in Montreal provides an extensive collection documents relating to air and aviation law and space law. The site contains primary materials such as international conventions and related protocols on air and aviation law and space law. Public and private international law conventions are included. The full-text of these conventions are available in both English and French. In addition, the site provides information on the status of individual countries ranging from Afganistan to Zimbabwe with regard to international air law instruments (temporarily unavailable at time of review). The site also contains Institute of Air and Space Law material, such as alumnae information pages and bibliographies of alumnae and faculty publications; subscription information on the Annals of Air and Space Law, the journal produced and published by the Institute, as well as tables of contents of issues from 1976 onwards; and an online version of the Institute's Newsletter from 1992 to date. A site search engine is available.
http://www.mcgill.ca/iasl/
Review date: April 6, 2004

Animals--Law and legislation

Animal Legal & Historical Web Center
Michigan State University College of Law's Animal Legal & Historical Web Center currently contains over 500 full-text cases (U.S., historical and U.K.) and 774 U.S. statutes, as well as over 30 topics that provide information on some of the more interesting issues in the area of animal law. U.S. laws and cases are arranged by state, subject and species. Subjects covered include anti-cruelty, endangered species, dangerous dog, hunter harassment, landlord and tenant, veterinarian malpractice and zoning. The collection of topics, which includes such issues as animal rights and the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES), contains overviews of the law, detailed articles and links to relevant organizations and legal materials. The focus of the site is on U.S law; however, it does include a world law collection of legal materials from the United Kingdom, Australia, Brazil, China, France, Israel, Malawi, Norway, Poland, Portugal and Taiwan. All content is accessible from the navigation bar; a search engine is also available.
http://www.animallaw.info/
Review date: June 3, 2005

Bankruptcy--Canada

Corporate and Insolvency Law Policy
The information site of Canada’s Corporate and Insolvency Law Policy Directorate (CILPD) is available on Industry Canada's Strategis website. The CILPD is responsible for the legislative policy development and review of a number of Canada’s business framework statutes in the insolvency and corporate areas, including: Canada Business Corporations Act; Canada Cooperatives Act; Canada Corporations Act, Part II; Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act; Companies’ Creditors Arrangement Act; Winding-up and Restructuring Act; Boards of Trade Act; Pension Fund Societies Act; and Trade Unions Act. The site publishes reports, discussion papers, background and research papers, consultation documents, and questionnaires relating to law reform initiatives on such subjects as bankruptcy and insolvency law, corporate not-for-profit law, corporate for-profit law and corporate governance, and the law for federally-incorporated cooperatives. Links are provided to the various statutes as well as bills currently before Parliament. A section entitled "CILPD News" provides information on new events regarding corporate and insolvency law policy.
http://strategis.gc.ca/epic/internet/incilp-pdci.nsf/en/home
Review date: July 5, 2005

Banks and banking--Canada--Statistics

Bank of Canada
The website of Canada's central bank, the Bank of Canada, provides a variety of useful financial statistics and historical rate information. Its Financial Statistics page includes regularly updated information on the Bank of Canada rate and exchange rates for major foreign currencies, as well as weekly financial statistics (updated each Friday afternoon) and selected historical Canadian and U.S. dollar interest rates (historical exchange rate data will also be provided by e-mail). Also available is an exchange rate converter based on current Bank of Canada noon rates and an inflation calculator using monthly consumer price index data.
http://www.bankofcanada.ca/en/
Review date: February 4, 2000

Banks and banking, Central

Central Banks Online
A project of the Center for the Study of Central Banks at New York University School of Law, this site collects and disseminates information related to central banks and financial systems worldwide. A searchable database of key documents includes political constitutions, central bank and commercial banking statutes, and regulations governing issues such as deposit insurance, capital adequacy, bank powers, and other regulatory matters. Additionally, the site provides a comprehensive bibliography of published and unpublished works related to central banks and financial systems and an alphabetical index of central banks around the world, with contact information.
http://www.law.nyu.edu/centralbankscenter/
Review date: January 2, 2001

Bar associations--Ontario

Ontario Bar Association
The Ontario Bar Association (OBA), a branch of the Canadian Bar Association, is an organization of lawyers formed to provide support to the legal profession in Ontario through both education and representation to government on emerging issues that affect the justice system and the practice of law. The OBA website provides details of its 35 practice-specific sections and information about continuing legal education programs and publications. There is information about the advocacy the OBA is involved in along with press releases, fact sheets, submissions and research papers detailing the association's activities. E-discovery model precedents, a collection of documents offering guidance on e-discovery best practices, and Canadian and Quebec E-Discovery Case Law Digests are also provided. Parts of the site are available to members only. The site can be viewed in English and French.
http://www.oba.org/
Review date: May 1, 2009

Bills, Legislative--Canada

LEGISinfo
A collaborative effort of the Parliamentary Research Branch and the Information and Documentation Branch of the Library of Parliament, LEGISinfo is an essential research tool for finding information on federal legislation. It provides electronic access to a wide range of information about individual bills, such as: the text of the bill at various stages; government press releases and backgrounders; legislative summaries; important speeches at second reading; votes; and coming into force data. In addition, it provides a reading list and other related Web links for House of Commons and Senate government bills. By bringing these sources together into one place, this tool offers easy access to legislative information and reduces time spent researching these matters.
http://www.parl.gc.ca/LEGISINFO/index.asp?Language=e
Review date: February 14, 2003

Broadcasting--Canada

Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission
This bilingual site provides the full text of newly released CRTC decisions, orders, and news releases, as well as a calendar of public hearings and information relating to upcoming public hearings. Also available are the full text of broadcasting and telecommunications legislation, including the Broadcasting Act, 1991, the Telecommunications Act, and associated regulations; the CRTC Rules of Procedure; a searchable archive of CRTC website documents from April 1995; and a bibliography of publications considered "core reference" items by the CRTC library staff.
http://www.crtc.gc.ca/eng/welcome.htm
Review date: January 20, 1999

Canada. Parliament

Parliament of Canada
The Canadian Parliament's website provides access to information about the business and proceedings of the House of Commons and the Senate and the legislation before Parliament, including the full text of Hansard (available the morning after each sitting day of the House of Commons) and the transcripts of Committee evidence, which are no longer being published in print. Information relates primarily to the current Parliament; however, access to resources beginning with the 35th Parliament is also provided.
http://www.parl.gc.ca/common/index.asp?Language=E
Review date: July 23, 1999; revised: December 5, 2000; April 18, 2006

Canada--Foreign relations--United States

Canado-American Treaties
The full text of all bilateral treaties between the United States of America and Canada from 1783 to 1997 is accessible on this website, developed by the LexUM team of the Centre de recherche en droit public at the University of Montreal. Full-text or fielded searches are available, as well as the option of browsing 279 treaties by subjects ranging from Air to Intellectual Property to War Supplies. The treaties were made available for public access on the Internet by an agreement between Canada and the United States, which is being implemented jointly by LexUM and the Library of International Relations, the Chicago-Kent College of Law, and the Illinois Institute of Technology. The full text on the LexUM site will eventually be linked to images of the original documents on the Chicago site.
http://www.lexum.umontreal.ca/ca_us/index_en.html
Review date: May 4, 2001

Canada--Politics and government

Parliament of Canada
The Canadian Parliament's website provides access to information about the business and proceedings of the House of Commons and the Senate and the legislation before Parliament, including the full text of Hansard (available the morning after each sitting day of the House of Commons) and the transcripts of Committee Evidence, which are no longer being published in print. Information relates primarily to the current Parliament; however, access to resources beginning with the 35th Parliament is also provided.
http://www.parl.gc.ca/common/index.asp?Language=E
Review date: July 23, 1999; revised: December 5, 2000; April 18, 2006

Canada--Statistical services

CANSIM
Statistics Canada has announced that CANSIM data is now available free of charge under the Statistics Canada Open Licence Agreement. CANSIM (Canadian Socio-Economic Information Management System) is Statistics Canada's key socioeconomic database. Updated daily, it provides fast and easy access to the latest statistics available in Canada on a wide range of areas, including Business, consumer and property services, Crime and justice and Prices and price indexes. The CANSIM interface has also been modified to make it more user friendly. CANSIM data can be searched using simple or advanced searches, or it can be browsed by subject or survey. A video tutorial has been provided to introduce users to the new CANSIM interface.
http://www5.statcan.gc.ca/cansim/a01?lang=eng
Review date: February 21, 2012

Children--Legal status, laws, etc.

Representing Children Worldwide
This site is a research project conducted at the Yale Law School compiling information and resources on how children's voices are heard in child protective proceedings in the United States and around the world. The website provides a summary of the practices of the 194 signatories to the United Nations Convention on the Rights of a Child (UNCRC) with respect to this question, as well as background information on the jurisdiction's child protective practices, relevant sections from the legislation, web resources, and contact information for relevant bodies and sources of further information. Jurisdictions are listed alphabetically and grouped by region. The project focuses particularly on how different countries' practices relate to Article 12 of the CRC, which guarantees children's right to express views freely in all matters concerning them, and to be heard in all judicial and administrative proceedings that concern them. The findings are charted in the Research Summary section of the website. The website is currently under construction.
http://www.law.yale.edu/rcw/
Review date: July 14, 2006

Children--Legal status, laws, etc.--Ontario

Justice for Children and Youth
The Canadian Foundation for Children, Youth and the Law is a non-profit organization that advocates on behalf of children and their rights. The organization provides legal representation to low-income children and youth in Toronto and vicinity. It is a community legal clinic specializing in protecting the rights of those facing conflicts with the legal system, education, social service or mental health systems. The organization's website provides information on legal issues concerning children, organized under the following headings: Family Issues (custody and access, financial support, residential care), Leaving Home (financial support, housing, employment), School (attendance, discipline, records), Under Arrest (lawyers, detention), Police (contact with the police, at the police station), Court (alternative measures, judgment, appeals), Age Based Rights (medical treatment, marriage, drinking), and Corporal Punishment. Also available is a form to ask a lawyer a question online.
http://www.jfcy.org/
Review date: October 4, 2004

Citation of legal authorities--United States

The Bluebook
The Bluebook website provides access to previous editions of A Uniform System of Citation, the standard citation guide for American legal writing, from the first edition (1926) to the 15th edition (1991). The archived editions are located in the introductory material on the site and are in PDF file format. The site also provides authoritative answers to reasonable questions on subjects covered by The Bluebook. The most useful answers are gathered together as "Blue Tips" and classified by subject. Now in its 18th edition (2005), The Bluebook: A Uniform System of Citation is published by the Harvard Law Review and is available in print or online by subscription. Subscribers to the recently launched online version can access the full content of The Bluebook with dynamic searching and annotation features.
http://www.legalbluebook.com/Public/Introduction.aspx
Review date: April 25, 2008

Introduction to Basic Legal Citation (2010 ed.)
This web-accessible citation primer located on the Cornell Legal Information Institute site is based on the venerable American legal citation manual, the Harvard "Bluebook" (19th ed.). The guide gives rules and examples for citing contemporary American case law, arbitration decisions, legislation, including constitutional documents, books, and articles. It also provides guidance in the problematic area of citing electronic sources of legal information such as CD-ROMs and websites. This guide is in Folio Views format and is updated annually.
http://www.law.cornell.edu/citation/
Review date: November 1, 2001; revised September 26, 2010

Civil rights--Canada--Digests

Canadian Charter of Rights Decisions Digest
This digest, edited with commentaries by Graham Garton of Canada's Department of Justice, is available via the CanLII website, a public and free Canadian virtual law library of primary law materials. The digest was added to CanLII following its disappearance from the government website. It is organized by section number under the following headings: Guarantee of Rights and Freedoms, Fundamental Freedoms, Democratic Rights, Mobility Rights, Legal Rights, Equality Rights, Official Languages of Canada, Minority Language Educational Rights, Enforcement, Application of Charter, and General. In addition, appendices contain: General Principles of Interpretation, Waiver of Rights, the Criminal Code R.S.C. Judicially Considered, R.S.C. 1985 Statutes Judicially Considered, and a Table of Cases. Links are provided throughout to Supreme Court decisions available in full text on the CanLII site. The digest is updated 3 to 4 times a year.
http://www.canlii.org/en/ca/charter_digest/index.html
Review date: June 7, 2004

Class actions (Civil procedure)--Canada

National Class Action Database
The National Class Action Database is a project initiated by the the Civil Litigation Section of the Canadian Bar Association (CBA) following a recommendation by the Uniform Law Conference of Canada’s Working Group on Multi-jurisdictional Class Actions. Its aim is to serve as a depository of information about class actions that have been commenced in any jurisdiction in Canada so that the public, counsel, and courts need only look to one source for this information, and without cost to them. The database includes brief descriptions of the class action proceedings, including the filing date, style of cause, description of the class, subject matter of the action, and status of the case. This information can be searched by keyword and/or year and/or jurisdiction. All class actions are also listed annually in chronological order. While a number of jurisdictions have issued practice directions requiring counsel to provide relevant documents to the CBA, the database is still primarily a voluntary initiative and is therefore not a comprehensive listing of all class action lawsuits currently underway in Canada.
http://www.cba.org/ClassActions/main/gate/index/
Review date: March 2, 2007

Commercial law--Computer network resources

Lex Mercatoria
One of the first law sites on the Web, Lex Mercatoria is a collaborative effort of the University of Tromsø, the University of Oslo, Pace University, and the Australasian Legal Information Institute (AustLII). The site describes itself as "an international/transnational commercial law and e-commerce infrastructure monitor" and provides extensive international trade and commercial law links and materials free of charge. Subjects range from International Tax and Financial Regulation to the Commercial Laws of the People's Republic of China. The full text of major trade-related agreements can be found on the site as well as many international agreements and documents in areas related to trade (contracts, sales, arbitration, etc.). The site is well organized and offers both a subject index and a search engine.
http://www.jus.uio.no/lm/index.html
Review date: October 5, 2001

Comparative law

GlobaLex
The Hauser Global Law School Program at New York University School of Law recently launched GlobaLex, a web-based legal publication dedicated to international and foreign law research. The site is committed to the dissemination of high-level international, foreign, and comparative law research tools to accommodate the needs of an increasingly global educational and practicing legal world. Guides and articles currently available include: Doing Legal Research in Brazil; Georgia Legal Research; Guide to Chinese Law; German Business and Commercial Laws: Guide to Translations into English and Select Auxiliary Sources;The Lithuanian Legal System; Nigerian Legal Information; Legal Research in Spain; Finding the Law: the Micro-States and Small Jurisdictions of Europe; Foreign Law: Subject Law Collections on the Web; Guide on the Harmonization of International Commercial Law; Guide to Italian Legal Research and Resources on the Web; and Researching South African Law. The intention is that the resources available in GlobaLex will continue to expand to cover international law topics, countries and legal systems.
http://www.nyulawglobal.org/globalex/
Review date: April 1, 2005

Global Legal Information Network
The Global Legal Information Network (GLIN) maintains a searchable database of statutes, regulations, court decisions, and related legal materials from countries in Africa, Asia, Europe and the Americas contributed by governmental agencies and international organizations. GLIN members contribute the official full texts of published documents to the database in their original language. There is a preponderance of information from Latin American countries, but new information is constantly being added. Each document is accompanied by a summary in English and subject terms selected from the multilingual index to GLIN. Most of the material in GLIN is freely accessible to the public; however, because of legal impediments, some countries, such as Argentina and Mexico, continue to restrict public access to the full texts of their laws.
http://www.glin.gov/search.action
Review date: April 12, 2002; revised: April 18, 2006

WorldLII
A joint initiative of university-based Legal Information Institutes, the WorldLII (World Legal Information Institute) provides access to worldwide law via a single search facility for databases located on AustLII, BAILII, CanLII, HKLII, LII (Cornell), and PacLII. Types of legal databases include case law, legislation, treaties, law reform reports, and law journals mainly from countries with a common law tradition, including Australasia, Canada, Britain and Ireland, the Pacific Islands, Hong Kong, and other countries in Asia and Africa. WorldLII also provides its own databases covering decisions of international courts and tribunals. This site provides a systematic and comprehensive approach to accessing the vast quantity of legal information available via the Internet.
http://www.worldlii.org/
Review date: December 13, 2002

Computer networks--Law and legislation--United States

Bytes in Brief
Bytes in Brief is a free monthly digest of law and technology news designed to keep members of the legal and business community up to date on major Internet law and technology developments. It provides a synopsis of related news and links to sources with more expanded coverage. A publication of Sensei Enterprises, a legal technology and computer forensics firm, the current issue of Bytes in Brief is available on the Web or by mailing list subscription.
http://www.senseient.com/publications/publications.asp
Review date: February 4, 2000; revised June 2, 2009

Conflicts of interest--Canada

Conflicts of Interest Toolkit
In response to the serious and growing problem of conflicts of interest in Canadian law firms, the Canadian Bar Association Task Force on Conflicts of Interest has prepared a toolkit to help lawyers to recognize, deal with and avoid conflicting interests in their practices. The materials in the toolkit provide practical guidelines, checklists and precedents to assist in successfully managing conflicts of interest. The documents are available in PDF or MS Word formats and can be downloaded as a single file or accessed individually. The toolkit complements and supplements the in-depth legal discussion and analysis in the final Report and recommendations of the Task Force. 
http://www.cba.org/CBA/groups/conflicts/toolkit.aspx
Review date: May 1, 2010

Constitutional law--Canada

David Asper Centre for Constitutional Rights
The David Asper Centre for Constitutional Rights at the University of Toronto, Faculty of Law is devoted to advocacy, research and education in the areas of constitutional rights in Canada. The cornerstone of the Centre is a legal clinic that brings together students, faculty and members of the bar to work on significant constitutional cases. The Centre's website includes constitutional law related resources such as a Supreme Court data bank of facta from past constitutional cases, summaries of recent appellate cases from across Canada, faculty publications, and up-to-date information on past and future Centre events, including webcasts of past events.
http://www.aspercentre.ca
Review date: July 1, 2009

Construction industry--Law and legislation--Canada

Construction Law Library and Research Guide
Available on the Bora Laskin Law Library website at the University of Toronto Faculty of Law, this research guide covers primary and secondary sources of law that deal with all matters relating to the construction process, including such topics as building contracts, bonds and sureties, construction and builders' liens, tendering, and construction claims, and affect all participants in the construction industry, including financial institutions, architects, builders, engineers and planners. Primary sources consist of statutes, regulations, and judicial and administrative tribunal decisions. Secondary sources include legal encyclopedias, textbooks, legal journals and case law digests. The resources cited are available in print, on the Internet, and/or through commercial online services such as LexisNexis Quicklaw and Westlaw Canada. While the emphasis is on Canadian construction law, material covering construction law in other jurisdictions is also provided.
http://www.law-lib.utoronto.ca/construction/index.htm.
Review date: November 15, 2006

Consumer protection--Canada

Canadian Code of Practice for Consumer Protection in Electronic Commerce
Available on the Consumer Measures Committee website, the Canadian Code of Practice for Consumer Protection in Electronic Commerce is an initiative endorsed by Canadian federal, provincial and territorial ministers responsible for consumer affairs to standardize rules for consumer e-commerce. The Code establishes benchmarks for good business practices for merchants conducting online commercial activities with consumers and covers such issues as: the provision of information, website language, contract formation and fulfillment, privacy, security of payment, redress, spam and children. The Code is voluntary and does not alter rights, remedies, and other statutory or regulatory obligations. Nevertheless, it is a major step towards protecting consumers who engage in Internet commerce.
http://cmcweb.ca/epic/internet/incmc-cmc.nsf/en/fe00064e.html.
Review date: July 6, 2004; revised: April 18, 2006

Copyright

Collection of National Copyright Laws
This online collection of national copyright laws and related rights of UNESCO member states is accessible on the website of UNESCO's Culture Sector. The collection currently comprises about 100 laws and is constantly being updated. The laws are organized by geographical region—Africa, the Arab states, Asia and the Pacific, Europe and North America, and Latin America and the Caribbean—and then by individual member states. The legislation is made available in full text in PDF format. Note that most member states have provided official translations of their copyright and related rights legislation in only one of the official languages of UNESCO, either English, French or Spanish. Thus, while reference information relating to the laws is available in all three official languages on the site, the laws themselves are available in only one of the official languages.
http://portal.unesco.org/culture/en/ev.php-URL_ID=14076&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html
Review date: January 4, 2005

Primary Sources on Copyright (1450-1900)
This website is a digital archive of primary sources on copyright from the invention of the printing press (c. 1450) to the Berne Convention (1886) and beyond. Funded by the UK Arts and Humanities Research Council, the database includes digital images and commentary for key texts from Britain, Germany, France, Italy and the United States. Documents include privileges, statutes, judicial decisions, contracts and materials relating to legislative history as well as contemporary letters, essays, treatises and artefacts. The material was compiled by national editors, and limited to 50 core texts (20 for the U.S. and Italy covering a much shorter time period); however, the editors have sourced many more contextual documents which are linked to the core materials. The documents are organized into lists which can be browsed as a global timeline or within a specific jurisdiction, as well as by individual locations and authors. Documents can also be browsed by institution, legislation and case law.
http://www.copyrighthistory.org/
Review date: June 14, 2010

Corporations--Canada

Corporate and Insolvency Law Policy
The information site of Canada’s Corporate and Insolvency Law Policy Directorate (CILPD) is available on Industry Canada's Strategis website. The CILPD is responsible for the legislative policy development and review of a number of Canada’s business framework statutes in the insolvency and corporate areas, including: Canada Business Corporations Act; Canada Cooperatives Act; Canada Corporations Act, Part II; Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act; Companies’ Creditors Arrangement Act; Winding-up and Restructuring Act; Boards of Trade Act; Pension Fund Societies Act; and Trade Unions Act. The site publishes reports, discussion papers, background and research papers, consultation documents, and questionnaires relating to law reform initiatives on such subjects as bankruptcy and insolvency law, corporate not-for-profit law, corporate for-profit law and corporate governance, and the law for federally-incorporated cooperatives. Links are provided to the various statutes as well as bills currently before Parliament. A section entitled "CILPD News" provides information on new events regarding corporate and insolvency law policy.
http://strategis.gc.ca/epic/internet/incilp-pdci.nsf/en/home
Review date: July 5, 2005

Court rules--Alberta

Alberta Courts
Alberta is the third province, after British Columbia and Ontario, to launch a courts website. Alberta's site features a Judgment Database, which includes decisions since 1998 from all Alberta courts. Judgments are posted 48 hours after their release and can be searched by court, date, or keyword. The site also provides general information about the Province's court system and access to practice notes, rules, and forms.
http://www.albertacourts.ab.ca
Review date: June 7, 1999

Court rules--Ontario

Guide to Ontario Courts
The Ontario Courts website provides searchable access to the full text of Court of Appeal judgments and endorsements since June 1998 and appeal book endorsements since April 2003. New judgments and endorsements are posted daily. As of September 7, 2007, certain proceedings of the Court of Appeal are webcast. Also available is information concerning the Court of Appeal for Ontario, the Superior Court of Justice, and the Ontario Court of Justice, including notices and practice directions, speeches, weekly case lists, Family Law Rules and forms, set fines schedules, and court rules. As of February 17, 2009, a Court of Appeal RSS feed is available to provide notification of newly released decisions, case lists, motions for leave to appeal, and non-publication orders and in camera hearings.
http://www.ontariocourts.on.ca/en/
Review date: January 20, 1999; updated March 6, 2009

Courts--Alberta

Alberta Courts
Alberta is the third province, after British Columbia and Ontario, to launch a courts website. Alberta's site features a Judgment Database, which includes decisions since 1998 from all Alberta courts. Judgments are posted 48 hours after their release and can be searched by court, date, or keyword. The site also provides general information about the Province's court system and access to practice notes, rules, and forms.
http://www.albertacourts.ab.ca
Review date: June 7, 1999

Courts--British Columbia

British Columbia Superior Courts
This site contains a searchable database of the decisions of British Columbia's Court of Appeal and Supreme Court since January 1996. The full text of all judgments can be searched by keyword, or the judgments of each court and year can be browsed either chronologically or by subject. Judgments are available, at the earliest, one day after their release. Each court also provides judgments released during the current week, practice directions, and notices to the profession. Decisions are available in text format only. 
http://www.courts.gov.bc.ca/
Review date: July 23, 1999

Courts--European Union countries

Curia: The Court of Justice of the European Communities
The official website of the Court of Justice and the Court of First Instance of the European Communities provides access to case law from 1953 to date, as well as background information on the organization, composition, jurisdiction and procedure of the courts. Judgments can be browsed by case number and viewed in full text. Judgments, opinions and orders delivered since June 1997 can be searched by party name, date, case number, subject or keyword. Digests of cases, an alphabetical listing of subject areas, and references to published legal literature relating to judgments of the Court of Justice and the Court of First Instance are available in French only. Also available on the site are texts governing the procedure of the courts, including extracts from establishing treaties, rules of procedure and practice directions; summaries of proceedings of the courts since 1997; a court diary for the current week; press releases since 1996; and links to European Union law in Europe and the European Union institutions.
http://curia.europa.eu/jcms/jcms/j_6/home
Review date: October 27, 1999; updated December 2, 2005

Courts--Great Britain

Her Majesty's Court Service
Her Majesty's Court Service is an executive agency of the Department for Constitutional Affairs, providing administrative support to a number of courts and tribunals in England and Wales, including the Court of Appeal, the High Court, the Crown Court, and the county courts. The site provides access to selected recent judgments, practice directions, daily lists, and notices from these courts.
http://www.hmcourts-service.gov.uk/
Review date: June 28, 1999; revised: June 30, 2000; April 18, 2006

Courts--New Zealand

Courts of New Zealand
The Courts of New Zealand website provides useful information about New Zealand's Supreme Court, Court of Appeal and High Court to legal professionals, students and the media. The site is divided into three main sections and is fully searchable. About Courts provides information about the role, history and structure of the courts. Court Business includes court sitting calendars, case summaries and practice directions, and assists lawyers and the media in using this information. From the Courts provides news from the Higher Courts, including announcements, judgments and transcripts of hearings of the Supreme Court, recent decisions of public interest, speeches and papers, judicial reports, and statistics. Also provided are links to related websites. This site is still under development, so content may be changed or added in the future.
http://www.courtsofnz.govt.nz/
Review date: August 14, 2006

Courts--Ontario

Guide to Ontario Courts
The Ontario Courts website provides searchable access to the full text of Court of Appeal judgments and endorsements since June 1998 and appeal book endorsements since April 2003. New judgments and endorsements are posted daily. As of September 7, 2007, certain proceedings of the Court of Appeal are webcast. Also available is information concerning the Court of Appeal for Ontario, the Superior Court of Justice, and the Ontario Court of Justice, including notices and practice directions, speeches, weekly case lists, Family Law Rules and forms, set fines schedules, and court rules. As of February 17, 2009, a Court of Appeal RSS feed is available to provide notification of newly released decisions, case lists, motions for leave to appeal, and non-publication orders and in camera hearings.
http://www.ontariocourts.on.ca/en/
Review date: January 20, 1999; updated March 6, 2009

Court of Appeal for Ontario
A new feature has been added to the Court of Appeal section of the Ontario Courts website. Certain proceedings in Courtroom #1 at the Court of Appeal are being streamed live on the Court's Internet website as part of a pilot project. DVD copies of recorded proceedings are distributed to accredited media twice a day on request and are available for use by journalism and law schools and other organizations for educational and training purposes. The pilot project responds to a recommendation made by the Panel on Justice and the Media. Recorded proceedings are also archived on the Court's website within one business day and remain on the site for 90 days. The site provides information about minimum system requirements for viewing the webcast presentations, a system test, and Frequently Asked Questions to help diagnose any problems.
http://www.ontariocourts.on.ca/coa/en/
Review date: September 28, 2007

Courts--United States

Supreme Court of the United States
The U.S. Supreme Court has finally launched its official website, providing access to opinions, court calendar, court rules, and docket information as downloadable PDF documents. Slip opinions issued during the current term are available. The text of each slip opinion is posted on the website usually on the same day the opinion is announced. The site search engine does appear to index the PDF files. (Bench opinions are available only through the websites of subscribers to Project Hermes such as FindLaw and Cornell's LII / Legal Information Institute, which post them within minutes of issuance). A list of all official and unofficial sources of opinions is also provided. Docket information regarding the status of cases is available for both the current and prior terms.
http://www.supremecourtus.gov/index.html
Review date: July 10, 2000; revised October 2, 2000

Courts of last resort

GlobalCourts: Supreme Court Decisions around the World
Maintained by Norwegian judge Stein Schjølberg as part of an ongoing research project on the global implementation of Judicial Decisions Support Systems (JDSS), GlobalCourts aims to serve as a guide for legal practitioners and researchers seeking information on supreme court decisions from around the world. Although the site is very much a work in progress, it currently provides either direct access or a way of finding supreme court decisions in 99 countries ranging from Afghanistan to Zimbabwe. The list includes the supreme courts of the Australian states and territories and the Canadian provinces, the U.S. Court of Appeals and state supreme courts, the Court of Justice of the European Communities, and the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council in the U.K. Also available are links to other court-related sites, articles and information on electronic filing, e-courts, cybercourts and electronic JDSS.
http://www.globalcourts.com/
Review date: November 3, 2003

Damages--Canada

Economica
The website of the Calgary economic consulting firm Economica, which specializes in the assessment of damages in personal injury and fatal accident actions, will be of interest to anyone involved in personal injury litigation. The site includes numerous articles relating to the economics of personal injury damages, most of which are from the the firm's quarterly electronic newsletter The Expert Witness. Articles are listed in chronological order or categorized by topic. Also provided are easy-to-use calculation tables, including inflation-adjustment tables that can be used to estimate appropriate awards for non-pecuniary damages in Canadian civil actions. These figures are updated monthly, as Statistics Canada releases its consumer price index data.
http://www.economica.ca/index.html
Review date: July 30, 2001

Delegated legislation--Canada

Orders-in-Council
Library and Archives Canada, in partnership with the Department of Justice Canada, provide access to a recently updated Orders-in-Council online research tool. The database now contains records for orders-in-council from July 1, 1867 to 1910. Many of these records include digital images of the original orders-in-council, and work is ongoing to link additional images to the full range of records. The database is part of a continuing effort to make historical records of the Privy Council Office available online. Regular updates will extend the range of these records through to the mid-20th century. Orders-in-council address a wide range of administrative and legislative matters, from civil service staffing to capital punishment, and from the disposition of Aboriginal lands to the maintenance of the Parliamentary Library.
http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/databases/orders/index-e.html
Review date: October 18, 2006

Delegated legislation--Canada--Periodicals

Canada Gazette
The non-official electronic version of the three-part "official news bulletin" of the Government of Canada can be found here in PDF format. Part I, published every Saturday, contains formal public notices, official appointments, miscellaneous notices, and proposed regulations; Part II, published every second Wednesday, contains regulations and other classes of statutory instruments; Part III, published as soon as is reasonably practicable after Royal Assent, contains the most recent Public Acts of Parliament and their enactment proclamations.
http://www.gazette.gc.ca/index-eng.html
Review date: April 15, 1999

A Nation's Chronicle: The Canada Gazette
Library and Archives Canada (LAC) makes available a database of images taken from microfilm, microfiche and rare original copies of the Canada Gazette held by LAC. The digitization of this material, which began in 2007, is still underway. Not all issues are currently in the database. As of August 2009, the database now contains over 80% of all issues of the Canada Gazette. By the end of 2009, all issues of the Canada Gazette, from its beginning in 1841 until 1997 will be accessible. Although not officially part of the Canada Gazette, the Consolidated Regulations of Canada published in 1874, 1889, 1949, 1955 and 1978 have also been included in the database for the convenience of researchers. All documents are searchable by keyword. Searches may be limited to any or all parts of the Gazette or the Consolidated Regulations.
http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/databases/canada-gazette/index-e.html
Review date: August 21, 2009

Dispute resolution (Law)

Conflict Transformation and Peacebuilding: A Selected Bibliography
Edited by Catherine Morris of Victoria, B.C., this searchable bibliography is intended as a starting place for research on conflict resolution, alternative dispute resolution (ADR), peacebuilding and peace studies. The bibliography covers more than thirty topic areas and includes references to books, journal articles, conference papers, government reports, working papers, and dissertations. Links to online resources are provided where available. New titles are added regularly. The bibliography originated in 1997 as several pages on the website of the Institute for Dispute Resolution at the University of Victoria. In 1999, it moved to the website of Peacemakers Trust, a Canadian non-profit organization for education and research in conflict resolution and peacebuilding. Since then, the bibliography pages have expanded continually with assistance from researchers and practitioners from Canada, the United States, Australia, New Zealand and South Africa.
http://www.peacemakers.ca/bibliography/
Review date: December 18, 2009

Dictionaries, Polyglot

OneLook® Dictionary Search
Think of this website as a search engine for words. If you have a word for which you would like a definition or translation, the OneLook Dictionary shuttles you to the web-based dictionaries that define or translate that word. No word is too obscure: more than 6 million words in more than 900 online dictionaries have been indexed to date. The site provides two approaches to finding definitions or translations. You can enter a word to retrieve a list of dictionary websites that define or translate the word. If you do not know how to spell the word, you can type a pattern consisting of letters and the wildcards * and ? to retrieve a list of words matching your pattern. Alternatively, you can link directly to a dictionary page. The "Browse Dictionaries" list includes all dictionaries that are indexed.
http://www.onelook.com/
Review date: May 3, 2004

Domestic relations--Ontario

Joel Miller's Family Law Centre
This website, developed by Toronto family law practitioner Joel Miller, provides a useful place for people dealing with divorce and family law issues in Ontario to start gathering information. Included are articles, cases comments and papers on Canadian family law organized under topics ranging from actuarial/pension matters to spousal support issues; Canadian federal and provincial family law legislation; the federal Child Support Guidelines, accompanied by relevant and useful information; summaries of recently decided cases; directories of family law lawyers and mediators; and FAQs on topics ranging from child support to separation, divorce, how to choose a lawyer, and keeping the costs down. Also provided are links to resources on other sites. The site is fairly well organized and offers a search engine.
http://www.familylawcentre.com/
Review date: August 12, 2002

Domestic relations--Taxation--Canada

Tax Rules for Family Law Practitioners, 2008 ed.
Published by PricewaterhouseCoopers in Canada to assist family law practitioners in understanding the relevant income tax rules and the implications for their clients, this useful resource is available online as a PDF file on the firm's website. One Step at a Time: Tax Rules for Family Law Practitioners: with Condensed Child Support Guideline Tables, 2008 ed. outlines the complex tax rules related to support payments and property settlements in family law matters. This guide provides lawyers with essential information on support arrangements dealt with under the Income Tax Act, taxable support rules, deductibility of legal fees, support payments to or from a non-resident, tax rules on property transfers between spouses, and other credits, deductions and benefits. In addition, the publication includes a condensed version of the federal child support tables for all Canadian provinces and territories.
http://www.pwc.com/extweb/pwcpublications.nsf/docid/C3601CE990E473318525700B0069A187
Review date: September 3, 2005; revised June 2, 2009

Doping in sports

World Anti-Doping Agency
The website of the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA), an independent foundation established in 1999 by the International Olympic Committee to work towards eradicating the improper use of drugs in sport, provides a PDF version of the World Anti-Doping Code. The code is the first document to harmonize regulations regarding anti-doping across all sports and all countries of the world. An updated list of world governments who have signed the Copenhagen Declaration on Anti-Doping in Sport, affirming their intention to adopt the Code, is also provided, as well as information about WADA’s work, including scientific research, independent observers and the Athlete Passport Program; background information on the legal aspects of doping, testing statistics and the medical aspects of the main groups of drugs involved; and a list of prohibited substances.
http://www.wada-ama.org/en/
Review date: May 12, 2003

Drugs--Safety measures

MedEffect
Found on Health Canada's newly redesigned website, MedEffect provides centralized access to relevant and reliable health product safety information. The website makes it easy for consumers and health professionals to complete and file reports of adverse reactions to drugs and other products. A single click on the MedEffect icon helps visitors quickly locate the latest information on warnings, recalls and advisories, report an adverse reaction, search the Canadian Adverse Reaction database, or obtain the Canadian Adverse Reaction Newsletter, which alerts health professionals to adverse reactions reported in Canada. Visitors can also register for e-mail notices for the most recent publication of the Canadian Adverse Reaction Newsletter and marketed health product advisories for health professionals and the public. These documents are an important source of information regarding the post-market safety and effectiveness of health products.
http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/dhp-mps/medeff/index_e.html
Review date:October 3, 2005

Electronic commerce

Canadian Code of Practice for Consumer Protection in Electronic Commerce
Available on the Consumer Measures Committee website, the Canadian Code of Practice for Consumer Protection in Electronic Commerce is an initiative endorsed by Canadian federal, provincial and territorial ministers responsible for consumer affairs to standardize rules for consumer e-commerce. The Code establishes benchmarks for good business practices for merchants conducting online commercial activities with consumers and covers such issues as: the provision of information, website language, contract formation and fulfillment, privacy, security of payment, redress, spam and children. The Code is voluntary and does not alter rights, remedies, and other statutory or regulatory obligations. Nevertheless, it is a major step towards protecting consumers who engage in Internet commerce.
http://cmcweb.ca/epic/internet/incmc-cmc.nsf/en/fe00064e.html.
Review date: July 6, 2004; revised: April 18, 2006

Electronic discovery (Law)--Canada

E-discovery Canada
The Canadian e-Discovery Portal is a University of Montreal LexUM project that is maintained in collaboration with members of the Canadian legal community who have taken a lead on electronic discovery issues. The site provides all the relevant documents and resources pertaining to e-discovery in Canada, including regularly updated case law digests (common law, civil law). The case law list gives a brief summary of the case extracted from the decision along with a direct link to it in the Canadian Legal Institute (CanLII) collections. The first edition of the Sedona Canada Principles in English, including full commentary, has recently been posted. The site also has a news section, which is RSS enabled.
http://www.lexum.umontreal.ca/e-discovery/
Review date: January 21, 2008

Electronic government publications--Canada

Government of Canada Web Archive
The Government of Canada Web Archive comprises a collection of biannually harvested websites of the entire Government of Canada web domain. Library and Archives Canada (LAC) began harvesting the websites of all federal government departments, agencies and commissions in December 2005. The archive has been publicly accessible since November 2007 and currently contains over 170 million digital objects and more than 7 terabytes of data. The content can be searched by keyword, departmental name and URL. Searches can also be limited by date and by document type, e.g., Image, Video, PDF, DOC, HTML. At the top of each archived web page, the specific date on which the website was harvested appears in a bright green banner. LAC has implemented this significant Canadian web archive through the use of open source tools developed by the International Internet Preservation Consortium. The goal of this organization is to collect, preserve and ensure long-term access to Internet content from around the world through the collaborative development of common tools and techniques for developing web archives.
http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/webarchives/index-e.html
Review date: September 14, 2009

Emigration and immigration law--Canada--Digests

RefLex
The website of the Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada (IRB) provides a searchable database of issues of RefLex, a biweekly publication containing digests of selected immigration and refugee law decisions since January 1, 1993. Included are decisions of the IRB's Refugee Protection Division (formerly the Convention Refugee Determination Division), Immigration Appeal Division, and Immigration Division (formerly the Adjudication Division). Issues 15 to 82 (January 1, 1993 to January 5, 1998) also include digests of decisions of the Federal Court of Canada. The digests contain the pertinent facts of the case and the conclusions of the decision-makers. As of issue 132 (February 16, 2000), the digests are linked to full-text decisions. The digests can be browsed chronologically by issue or searched by keyword, division/type, language or date. Published by the IRB's Legal Services, RefLex is an internal communications tool for the IRB's decision-makers and staff. In order to provide information to its principal users in a timely manner, each issue of RefLex contains digests of decisions dated no more than eight weeks prior to the date of publication.
http://www.irb-cisr.gc.ca:8080/ReFlex/About_Reflex.aspx
Review date: May 9, 2011

Environmental law

Environmental Law Alliance Worldwide (ELAW)
The Environmental Law Alliance Worldwide (ELAW) is an international network of public interest lawyers and scientists sharing expertise and legal and scientific information across borders in defence of the environment. Since its founding in 1989 by grassroots lawyers from 10 countries, the organization has grown into a network connecting 300 lawyers and scientists in 60 countries. The ELAW website provides information about ELAW, access to legal and scientific resources organized by topic and by region, and news highlighting ELAW's work around the world as well as innovative legal strategies ELAW partners are using to protect the environment.
http://www.elaw.org/
Review date: July 14, 2008

Environmental law--Canada

Canadian Environmental Law Association
The Canadian Environmental Law Association (CELA) website provides access to information about environmental law and policy in Ontario and throughout Canada. This includes articles, press releases, and reports relating to CELA campaigns on such topics as water, toxics, children's health, land use, and deregulation; casework updates and information about selected CELA cases; current and archived issues of the CELA newsletter, Intervenor; electronic versions of CELA's briefs, submissions and articles from the present back to 1971; and the extensive collection of information held by the Resource Centre, including its online catalogue, bibliographies and reference guides on topics ranging from acid rain to wetlands, and selected links to online resources.
http://www.cela.ca/index.shtml
Review date: September 13, 2002

Environmental law--North America

Summary of Environmental Law in North America
The Commission for Environmental Cooperation created this summary of environmental law in North America to improve public access to the environmental law of the parties to the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), i.e. Canada, Mexico, and the US. The summary consists of 25 chapters covering areas of environmental law ranging from agriculture to waste management and is current as of Oct. 1, 1995. For each country there is a list of legal instruments – statutes, regulations, laws, norms, etc. Each list also describes how to get copies of the laws and regulations, as well as links to other relevant information on the Internet.
http://www.cec.org/pubs_info_resources/law_treat_agree/summary_enviro_law/publication/index.cfm?
varlan=english
Review date: June 6, 2001

US and Canadian Climate Legislation by State and Province
The website of the Peterson Institute for International Economics, a research institute located in Washington, D.C., provides a summary and table of climate legislation in Canada, the United States and Mexico. The table outlines initiatives proposed or underway in each NAFTA country, beginning with relevant federal legislation and progressing to provincial or state legislation, listed in alphabetical order. Nine Canadian provinces and 21 US states are covered. The table details major legislation only, excluding building and appliance standards. Regional initiatives between US states and Canadian provinces are reserved for last. This table is part of a broader Institute project on the interaction between federal and state climate initiatives and their ramifications for trade policy. The table can be downloaded in PDF.
http://www.petersoninstitute.org/publications/papers/paper.cfm?ResearchID=1057
Review date: January 29, 2009

Environmental law--Ontario

Environmental Law and Litigation
The website of Toronto environmental lawyer Dianne Saxe provides news and analysis of the latest events in Canadian and Ontario environmental law. The site features a blog that allows users to read posts online, subscribe through RSS, or have posts e-mailed immediately, daily or weekly. Blog posts are available back to 2007 and subject categories include climate change, contaminated sites, green energy, species at risk, toxics and toxic torts, and water polllution. The blog encourages reader comments and queries and is searchable. Other resources on the site include a quick summary of Canadian environmental law in an easy-to-read, question and answer format and useful environmental law and legal links.
http://envirolaw.com/
Review date: November 15, 2009

Environmental law, International

ECOLEX
A joint initiative of the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), ECOLEX provides a comprehensive global source of information on environmental law. The ECOLEX database, which combines the environmental law information holdings of FAO, IUCN and UNEP, includes information on treaties, international "soft-law" and other non-binding policy and technical guidance documents, national legislation, judicial decisions, and law and policy literature. Users have direct access to the abstracts and indexing information about each document, as well as to the full text of most of the information provided. This combined information resource currently has over one hundred thousand references to relevant documents available on the Web.
http://www.ecolex.org/start.php.
Review date: February 2, 2004

Environmental policy--International cooperation

IISD Linkages
The IISD (International Institute for Sustainable Development) Linkages website is a multimedia resource for those interested in environment and development negotiations. It provides links to coverage of meetings on sustainable development and topics ranging from biodiversity and wildlife to water, wetlands and coasts. Its reporting services include digital versions of Earth Negotiations Bulletin (ENB) reports on multilateral negotiations on environment and sustainable development from 1992 to date; coverage of conferences, workshops, symposia and regional meetings not covered by the ENB; and the latest news, information and analysis from international environmental and development negotiations. In addition, this site provides links to other relevant sites and official documents and includes photos and RealAudio recordings of speeches.
http://www.iisd.ca/
Review date: December 13, 2002

European Union

Europa
The European Union's server provides direct access to the home pages of the EU institutions, including the Parliament, Council, Commission, Court of Justice, and Court of Auditors. News services, such as press releases, official euro rates, and the latest statistics are available, as well as basic information on the European Union and access to official documents, legal texts, and databases. Subject access is provided to legal instruments in force, legislative activity in progress, implementation of common policies, EU grants and loans, statistics, and publications.
http://europa.eu/index_en.htm
Review date: August 24, 1999

Foreign trade regulation

Juris International
Juris International is a multilingual database of international trade law information intended to facilitate research for business lawyers, advisers and in-house counsel, and state organizations in developing and transition economies, by providing access to texts which have often been difficult to obtain. The collection offers full-text international legal instruments, model contracts, and information on dispute resolution centres and business lawyer associations, as well as key provisions and explanatory texts of the WTO Agreements and texts, regulations, and forms of the OHADA collection for lawyers specializing in business law in Africa.
http://www.jurisint.org/en/index.html
Review date: July 15, 2002

Free trade--North America

NAFTA  Secretariat
The website of the NAFTA Secretariat, the body responsible for the administration of the dispute settlement provisions of the North American Free Trade Agreement, provides the full text of the Agreement, Rules of Procedures, and decisions and reports, all of which are searchable. It also makes available a status report of NAFTA and FTA dispute settlement proceedings (both active and completed). Tables setting out detailed timelines for a panel review or an arbitral panel based on the Rules of Procedure are a useful feature for trade law practitioners.
http://www.nafta-sec-alena.org/en/view.aspx
Review date: September 20, 1999

NAFTA Claims
Also known as NAFTAClaims.com, this website of interest to international trade practitioners is maintained by Todd Weiler, an Ontario lawyer who has been involved as counsel on a number of NAFTA claims. The site provides information about investor-state dispute settlement under NAFTA, as well as the Web's most complete listing of pleadings, orders and awards. Also available are links to copies of the NAFTA text, as well as two draft investment chapters excerpted from recent free trade agreements negotiated but not yet ratified by the United States and statements of the NAFTA Free Trade Commission and domestic implementation pronouncements (both of which have some international law interpretative value). "NAFTA News," a free e-mail service for those interested in receiving periodic messages concerning important NAFTA news, such as new documents or developments, is also offered, and past issues are available on the website.
http://www.naftalaw.org/
Review date: October 2, 2003

Gazettes

Government Gazettes Online
Government gazettes, which are published by federal governments worldwide, are the means by which government communicates to officials and the general public. Gazettes are useful not only for monitoring the actions of government, but also as primary source documentation in legal research. Although most countries publish a gazette, the regularity and content varies widely. This website located on the University of Michigan Documents Center site attempts to list all online government gazettes. Information provided includes: title, URL, languages, frequency of print publication, access, date coverage, searchability, format, and a brief description of contents. Also available is a bibliography providing useful resources for further research on foreign law.
http://www.lib.umich.edu/govdocs/gazettes/index.htm.
Review date: August 5, 2003

Gazettes--Canada

Canada Gazette
The non-official electronic version of the three-part "official news bulletin" of the Government of Canada can be found here in PDF format. Part I, published every Saturday, contains formal public notices, official appointments, miscellaneous notices, and proposed regulations; Part II, published every second Wednesday, contains regulations and other classes of statutory instruments; Part III, published as soon as is reasonably practicable after Royal Assent, contains the most recent Public Acts of Parliament and their enactment proclamations.
http://www.gazette.gc.ca/index-eng.html
Review date: April 15, 1999

A Nation's Chronicle: The Canada Gazette
Library and Archives Canada (LAC) makes available a database of images taken from microfilm, microfiche and rare original copies of the Canada Gazette held by LAC. The digitization of this material, which began in 2007, is still underway. Not all issues are currently in the database. As of August 2009, the database now contains over 80% of all issues of the Canada Gazette. By the end of 2009, all issues of the Canada Gazette, from its beginning in 1841 until 1997 will be accessible. Although not officially part of the Canada Gazette, the Consolidated Regulations of Canada published in 1874, 1889, 1949, 1955 and 1978 have also been included in the database for the convenience of researchers. All documents are searchable by keyword. Searches may be limited to any or all parts of the Gazette or the Consolidated Regulations.
http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/databases/canada-gazette/index-e.html
Review date: August 21, 2009

Gazettes--Ontario

Ontario Gazette
Relaunched on March 31, 2006, the Ontario Gazette website makes weekly issues of the Ontario Gazette available in PDF format, starting from January 2000. The Gazette contains government, corporation and other miscellaneous notices, as well as regulations. The electronic version appears exactly as it does in the print version, which is published every Saturday, and you may print off any pages you require. All available issues can also be browsed or searched. The Recent Issues page links directly to individual issues dating back approximately two months. The Back Issues page allows you to access specific issues by year and month. Once inside an issue, you can browse notices and regulations by using the "Index Bookmark" to the left of the page. The Search the Gazette page allows you to search for a specific issue by volume and issue number or issue date, or to search for a specific regulation by regulation number or keyword of the governing act.
http://www.ontariogazette.gov.on.ca/
Review date: April 3, 2006

Government information--Canada--Computer network resources--Directories

Canadian Government Information on the Internet
An annotated listing of links to federal, provincial, and municipal government agencies and departments. Also contains links to government and academic library catalogues, federal government electronic journals and distribution and discussion lists.
http://epe.lac-bac.gc.ca/100/206/301/dsp-psd/cdn_govt_info-ef/cgii.gc.ca/index-e.html
Review date: January 20, 1999

Government publications--Canada

GALLOPP (Government and Legislative Libraries Online Publications Portal)
Launched in January 2013 by the Association of Parliamentary Libraries in Canada, GALLOPP is a pan-Canadian bilingual government and legislative publications portal that provides access to over 320,000 electronic provincial, territorial and federal government publications and legislative materials dating back to 1995. The portal is a unique resource bringing together for the first time the significant government document repositories that have been built by individual provincial and territorial legislative libraries across Canada and the federal government’s Depository Services Program. The easy-to-use English and French interface allows users to search for documents by keyword or full-text and then link to electronic copies of the materials hosted by the collecting library. Results can be cross-jurisdictional or limited by jurisdiction or date. New documents will be added regularly to GALLOPP.
http://www.aplic-abpac.ca/aplic_home.html
Review date: January 29, 2013

Federal Publication Locator
The Federal Publication Locator is an information resource developed and maintained by the National Library of Canada (NLC) and the Depository Services Program, Communication Canada to improve public access to information about Canadian federal government publications. The website provides access to (1) bibliographic records of Canadian federal government publications in the NLC catalogue (a subset of the AMICUS database); (2) Canadian library locations information for titles held in the NLC catalogue; and (3) electronic Canadian federal government books and periodicals published online. Basic and advanced searches are available. The search results include main author, title (underlined), edition, place of publication, publisher and date. A "Locations" button appears to identify which Canadian libraries have reported the item found by the search. The Federal Publication Locator is available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.
http://www.nlc-bnc.ca/7/5/index-e.html.
Review date: October 2, 2003

Government publications--Ontario

OZone
OZone is a shared institutional repository service provided by the Ontario Council of University Libraries (OCUL). As the result of a collaboration between the Ontario Legislative Library and OCUL, the Legislative Library’s Ontario government documents collection is now available through OZone. The OZone partnership and database will help to ensure the digital preservation of these materials for the long term and create a permanent url for the documents. The database currently contains about 300 Ontario government monographs, and it is expected to be fully populated with 13,000 documents in the next few months. Serials and other restricted access documents are not included in the collection. The Legislative Library will continue to add Ontario government documents to the OZone collection on a monthly basis. The Legislative Library’s Ontario government documents collection is also accessible through the Legislative Library catalogue, which will continue to provide access to the most currently archived titles.
https://ospace.scholarsportal.info/
Review date: April 4, 2007

Human rights--Computer network resources

HuriSearch
HuriSearch is a comprehensive search engine specializing in human rights information. It targets persons working with or interested in human rights who need powerful search tools to access up-to-date and relevant information. HuriSearch currently provides direct access to the content of over 3,000 human rights websites. The sites indexed include leading international governmental organizations, national human rights institutions, academic institutions, and NGOs. All aspects of human rights are covered, including gender, immigration, government, peace, civil society, hunger, elections, labour, water, development, policy, refugees, terrorism, capacity building, housing, children, trade unions, environment, hate crimes, statistics, reparations, race relations, public order, landmines, disabilities, trafficking, army, media, public security, education, AIDS, homeless, domestic violence, and specific geographical areas. The site is maintained by HURIDOCS (Human Rights, Information and Documentation Systems, International).
http://www.hurisearch.org/
Review date: June 25, 2007

Human rights--Europe--Cases

HUDOC
An indispensable tool for practitioners in the human rights field, HUDOC is a web-based case-law search system designed to provide access to the case law of the European Court of Human Rights, the European Commission of Human Rights, and the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe under the European Convention on Human Rights. The searchable database of judgments, decisions, resolutions, and reports is updated regularly, and work is currently underway on introducing the backlog of older cases to the system.
http://www.echr.coe.int/ECHR/EN/Header/Case-Law/HUDOC/HUDOC+database/
Review date: January 7, 2000; link updated March 27, 2001

Indians of North America--Legal status, laws, etc.--Canada

Links to Aboriginal Resources
The website of Toronto lawyer Bill Henderson provides a substantial amount of information relating to the increasingly complex field of aboriginal law. Included are a brief introduction to aboriginal law in Canada; links to aboriginal law and legislation in Canada, the United States, Australia and New Zealand, as well as international law links; an annotated version of the Indian Act; and links to aboriginal resources around the world. Although somewhat out of date, this site provides access to many significant legal documents, including the text of Canada-Indian treaties from pre-Confederation to 1923 and laws affecting Canadian native peoples.
http://www.bloorstreet.com/300block/aborl.htm
Review date: June 5, 2000

Information technology--Law and legislation--Canada

Canadian IT Law Association Website
The website of the Canadian IT Law Association, popularly known as IT.Can, provides information  related to information technology law, such as news updates, commentaries, and analyses, organized on a topical and regional basis. A useful feature of the site for Canadian practitioners is the Canadian IT Law Newsletter, which is published and delivered to subscribers every second Wednesday. Prepared by faculty at Dalhousie Law School, the newsletter is intended to keep members of IT.Can informed about Canadian legal developments as well as international developments that may have an impact on Canada. Association news such as information about upcoming conferences is also provided.
http://www.it-can.ca/en/index.html
Review date: March 2, 2001

Insurance, Unemployment--Law and legislation--Canada--Cases

Employment Insurance Jurisprudence Library
This Canadian government site provides access to all insurance jurisprudence established over a 50-year period on U.I./E.I. matters (i.e., CUBs (Canadian Umpire Benefits), Federal Court and Supreme Court decisions), as well as a growing number of related Provincial Court and Human Rights Tribunal decisions. Also available are Human Resources Development Canada's selections of significant benefit entitlement decisions and independent selections of significant decisions by the Office of the Umpire. The full text of all decisions can be searched by keyword or, by the more experienced searcher, by power search in server-based indexes.
http://www.ei-ae.gc.ca/en/library/search.shtml
Review date: April 3, 2000

Intellectual property--Canada

Canadian Intellectual Property Office
The recently redesigned website of the Canadian Intellectual Property Office (CIPO), the agency that administers the intellectual property system in Canada and disseminates IP information, provides online access to a wealth of information relating to patents, trade-marks, copyrights, industrial designs, and integrated circuit topographies. The site contains manuals, forms, tariffs of fees, and legislation, as well as e-services enabling the electronic filing of applications. Also available are the Canadian Patent Database containing over 1,400,000 patent documents and the Canadian Trade-Marks Database comprised of pending and registered trade-marks. The redesigned site also includes a new search tool.
http://www.cipo.ic.gc.ca/eic/site/cipointernet-internetopic.nsf/eng/home
Review date: July 5, 2001

Intellectual property (International law)

Collection of Laws for Electronic Access
The CLEA database, a unique international electronic archive of intellectual property legislation, is available on the website of the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO). This tool is an invaluable information resource for researchers and legal professionals as it provides easy access to multilateral treaties and to the intellectual property laws of a wide range of countries. CLEA contains bibliographic data relating to each legislative text and treaty, national legislative texts in the field of intellectual property, and texts of multilateral treaties administered and not administered by WIPO. The texts are accessible via the bibliographic index or can be searched by specific terms in the bibliographic or full legislative texts databases.
http://www.wipo.int/clea/en/index.jsp
Review date: April 14, 2003

Collection of National Copyright Laws
This online collection of national copyright laws and related rights of UNESCO member states is accessible on the website of UNESCO's Culture Sector. The collection currently comprises about 100 laws and is constantly being updated. The laws are organized by geographical region—Africa, the Arab states, Asia and the Pacific, Europe and North America, and Latin America and the Caribbean—and then by individual member states. The legislation is made available in full text in PDF format. Note that most member states have provided official translations of their copyright and related rights legislation in only one of the official languages of UNESCO, either English, French or Spanish. Thus, while reference information relating to the laws is available in all three official languages on the site, the laws themselves are available in only one of the official languages.
http://portal.unesco.org/culture/en/ev.php-URL_ID=14076&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html
Review date: January 4, 2005

WIPO Guide to Intellectual Property Worldwide
The second edition of this useful guide provides essential information on intellectual property by means of individual country profiles on WIPO (World Intellectual Property Organization) member states. The profiles include basic legislation, membership of international treaties (both WIPO and non-WIPO administered treaties), administrative structures, governmental and non-governmental bodies for information and enforcement, educational institutions teaching intellectual property, and statistics relating to industrial property. Contact addresses are provided for readers needing further information. The text of treaties administered by WIPO and information on contracting parties is also available, as well as an abbreviations table giving contact addresses and numbers of other organizations, institutions and treaties, which are referred to in the country profiles in their abbreviated form. The guide is intended as a tool for all kinds of readers, not only for officials working in this field, but for legal practitioners, teachers, students, researchers, creators or owners of intellectual property, as well as for interested members of the general public.
http://www.wipo.int/about-ip/en/ipworldwide/
Review dated: September 6, 2005

World Intellectual Property Organization
This site will be of interest to anyone involved in international intellectual property matters. The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), a specialized agency of the United Nations, states that its mandate is to promote the protection of intellectual property worldwide. WIPO administers 23 treaties and claims 178 member states. There is a good deal of easy-to-find information on the site such as a description of WIPO, upcoming courses, and the development of intellectual property law, but the most valuable resources are the databases of treaties and legislation. The treaties database sets out the full text of WIPO treaties along with access to status charts of contracting parties. The legislative database provides full-text access to intellectual property legislation for a large number of countries as well as the European Community.
http://www.wipo.int/portal/index.html.en
Review date: February 8, 2002

International law

International Law Office
Launched in February 1998, the International Law Office delivers global analysis to lawyers worldwide via e-mail on a free subscription basis. Its newsletter service provides online commentaries as 35 specialist legal newsletters. Written in collaboration with over 500 of the world's leading experts and covering more than 100 jurisdictions, the service delivers individually requested information via e-mail to an influential global audience of law firm partners and international corporate counsel. The website also provides a comprehensive directory of firms and partners; a database of the world's major deals since January 2001, including the legal advisers involved; a global round-up of the major stories reported in the international legal press and distributed via press releases; and notices of upcoming international law conferences.
http://www.internationallawoffice.com/
Review date: August 18, 2008

International law--Computer network resources

ASIL Guide to Electronic Resources for International Law
A project of the American Society of International Law, the Guide makes electronic international law resources freely accessible to legal researchers around the globe. Rather than just compiling lists of links, it sets out basic strategies for finding international legal materials and examines what resources are available on international criminal, environmental,  economic, and commercial arbitration law; private international law; human rights; treaties; and the United Nations. Currently there are 9 chapters that are critically revised and updated on a six-month basis. A user-friendly feature of the Guide is a "Quick Links" option which accesses a list of all of the links for each section of the Guide as well as the full text of each Guide section.
http://www.asil.org/resource/home.htm
Review date: July 30, 2001

EISEL — Electronic Information System for International Law
Developed by the American Society of International Law (ASIL), EISEL is a fully searchable database that provides access to the highest quality primary materials, authoritative websites and helpful research guides to international law on the Internet. At present the site covers 13 areas of international law including general international law, international organizations, international economic law, international environmental law, international criminal law, and private international law. Users can connect directly to the web resource that interests them by clicking on its title, but will also find valuable added information through a "More Information" button on each record. Legal citations, entry into force and signature dates, amendments and brief descriptions are among the specialized data made available. EISIL offers the international law expert the depth of resources for sophisticated legal research. At the same time, EISIL can provide the novice researcher with the information needed to undertake a successful search. The comprehensive scope of EISIL enhances its potential as a research and teaching tool. A one-page printable hand-out on using EISIL is available in PDF format for use in classrooms and for other purposes.
http://www.eisil.org/
Review date: July 7, 2003; updated November 1, 2004

International Law Library
Developed by AustLII, the International Law Library on WorldLII is the most comprehensive free access international law research infrastructure on the Internet. It currently has 76 databases, containing nearly 100,000 searchable documents, including over 30,000 decisions from the most significant international courts and tribunals, over 35,000 treaties and international agreements (including the League of Nations and UN Treaty Series), international law journals and law reform materials. All databases can be searched simultaneously, or databases can be searched individually or in groupings. AustLII’s LawCite citator is fully integrated into the International Law Library and available to track where international cases, treaties and law journal articles have been cited.
http://www.worldlii.org/int/special/ihl/
Review date: September 15, 2010

International trade

World Trade Organization (WTO)
The WTO website contains material for a range of users, from the general public to students, academics and trade specialists. It includes introductions to the WTO and a large database of official documents. The database provides access to the official documentation of the WTO, including the legal texts of WTO agreements. Documentation from 1995 onwards is available and is updated daily. Selected material for the period 1986-1994, principally Uruguay Round documents and a small number of GATT documents, is also provided. There are currently over 100,000 documents in the database in the three official languages of the WTO. Frequently consulted documentation can be browsed or searched. The search interface permits the user both to query the database of catalogue records and to make full-text searches of the documents themselves.
http://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/thewto_e.htm
Review date: March 14, 2003

International trade--Computer network resources

Lex Mercatoria
One of the first law sites on the Web, Lex Mercatoria is a collaborative effort of the University of Tromsø, the University of Oslo, Pace University, and the Australasian Legal Information Institute (AustLII). The site describes itself as "an international/transnational commercial law and e-commerce infrastructure monitor" and provides extensive international trade and commercial law links and materials free of charge. Subjects range from International Tax and Financial Regulation to the Commercial Laws of the People's Republic of China. The full text of major trade-related agreements can be found on the site as well as many international agreements and documents in areas related to trade (contracts, sales, arbitration, etc.). The site is well organized and offers both a subject index and a search engine.
http://www.jus.uio.no/lm/index.html
Review date: October 5, 2001

Internet--Censorship

Internet Censorship: Law & Policy around the World
This report on the website of Electronic Frontiers Australia Inc. (EFA), a non-profit organization representing Internet users concerned with on-line freedoms and rights, contains information on government policy and/or laws regarding Internet censorship in various countries around the world. Compiled by EFA in March 2002, the report contains an overview of governmental approaches to dealing with Internet content that is illegal or is unsuitable for minors, followed by sections containing more detailed information about countries ranging from Australia to the U.S.A.
http://www.efa.org.au/Issues/Censor/cens3.html
Review date: May 6, 2002

Internet--Directories

ACJNet - Access to Justice Network
Provides links to federal and provincial legislative materials, a listing of forthcoming events, legal directories, legal materials for school curricula, as well as access to discussion forums and an electronic reference service. The usefulness of the content of the legislative materials varies from province to province. Some statutes and regulations are on a fee basis.
http://www.acjnet.org/
Review date: January 20, 1999

Canadian Government Information on the Internet
An annotated listing of links to federal, provincial, and municipal government agencies and departments. Also contains links to government and academic library catalogues, federal government electronic journals and distribution and discussion lists.
http://epe.lac-bac.gc.ca/100/206/301/dsp-psd/cdn_govt_info-ef/cgii.gc.ca/index-e.html
Review date: January 20, 1999

Internet--Law and legislation

GigaLaw.com
GigaLaw.com provides timely legal information for Internet and technology professionals, Internet entrepreneurs, and the lawyers who serve them. The site offers daily reports on the latest Internet and technology law news (including links to more information), as well as in-depth articles and commentary by lawyers and law professors on basic and cutting-edge issues related to the Internet and the law. Topics range from copyright issues and domain name disputes to business formation and confidentiality agreements. Users can browse the articles by subject and search the entire website by keyword. Daily news digests and weekly updates on articles are also available through a free mailing list.
http://www.gigalaw.com/index.html
Review date: December 1, 2000

Internet--Law and legislation--Canada

Canadian Internet Law Resource Page
Maintained by Professor Michael Geist of the University of Ottawa Law School, the CILRP website provides comprehensive coverage of Internet law in Canada. Highlights include information and links to Canadian case law, legislation, government reports, conferences, and other resources. A topical index covers Internet law issues ranging from anonymity to government regulation to unsolicited e-mail. The site also sponsors two mailing lists focusing on Internet law in Canada. CILRP-TALK is open to legal professionals and others interested in discussing Canadian Internet law issues. CILRP-UPDATE provides subscribers with periodic updates on new additions to the website.
http://aix1.uottawa.ca/~geist/cilrp.html
Review date: March 30, 2001

Internet domain names--Law and legislation--Cases

WIPO: Domain Name Database
A database containing detailed information on thousands of cases of "cybersquatting" handled by the Arbitration and Mediation Center of the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) became available online on July 5, 2002. The WIPO Center is the leading dispute resolution service provider of the Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP) — a low-cost and speedy alternative to litigation in cases of "cybersquatting." Users can access a summary of case details (case number, domain name, parties involved, status of case), search cases by domain name, or perform full-text or keyword searches on all WIPO UDRP decisions.
http://www.wipo.int/amc/en/domains/search/index.html
Review date: July 15, 2002

Internet in public administration--Canada

Zegov.ca
Developed as part of a graduate study on the use of Web 2.0 by the Government of Canada, Zegov describes itself as "a content aggregator designed to provide the public, the media and public-service employees with a continuous flow of information generated by government institutions through social media." Zegov provides a single gateway page to gather content from federal government Twitter and Facebook channels and official blogs. According to the site's FYI page, there are currently 228 government Twitter accounts, 95 Facebook pages and 11 official blogs. Zegov plans to add content from official federal YouTube, Flickr and LinkedIn accounts soon. The site also includes a list of links and publishes a monthly statistics report of the use of social media by the federal government.
http://www.zegov.ca/default.asp
Review date: April 16, 2012

Judges--Canada

Canadian Superior Courts Judges Association
The website of the Canadian Superior Courts Judges Association (CSCJA) provides news of association activities and general information for the public about the rule of law and the court system. The CSCJA represents the approximately 1,000 federally-appointed judges who serve on the superior courts and courts of appeal of each province and territory, as well as on the Federal Court of Canada, the Federal Court of Appeal and the Tax Court of Canada. Its mandate is to protect and enhance judicial independence, provide continuing education for judges, improve the administration of justice, and promote public understanding of the role judges play in the justice system. Information about the CSCJA, the justice system, and the judiciary can be found on the site. There are also annotated links to the websites of the Association's affiliations and links to superior courts websites.
http://www.cscja-acjcs.ca/about_cscja-en.asp?l=1
Review date: February 2, 2007

Judicial assistance

International Judicial Assistance
The International Judicial Assistance, Notarial Services and Authentication of Documents site is an official United States Department of State source for information about the legal requirements in specific foreign countries. The site provides information relating to judicial procedures and documents in 38 foreign countries, including service of process, obtaining evidence, and enforcement of judgments in criminal and family matters. Also available are treaties, conventions, and laws pertaining to these issues. Information is organized both by country and by subject. Links are also provided to treaty databases and other international information websites.
http://travel.state.gov/law/info/judicial/judicial_702.html
Review date: February 5, 2001

Labor laws and legislation--Canada

Lancaster House Labour Law Online
The website of the publisher Lancaster House offers a number of resources of interest to practitioners of labour, employment, and human rights law. These include a "Headlines" section linked to timely articles; a searchable directory of arbitrators; information about upcoming conferences; "Supreme Court Watch," an update on labour and employment law cases pending before, or recently decided by, the Supreme Court of Canada, with links to recent decisions; full-text international labour law documents; and links to Canadian federal and provincial legislation. The site also provides information about current publications and a subscription-based e-mail alert and newsletter service.
http://www.lancasterhouse.com/index.asp
Review date: September 13, 2002

Labor laws and legislation--Ontario--Cases

Ontario Workplace Tribunals Library — Tribunal Decisions
The website of the Ontario Workplace Tribunals Library, which provides library services to the Workplace Safety and Insurance Appeals Tribunal (WSIAT), the Ontario Labour Relations Board (OLRB), the Human Rights Tribunal of Ontario (HTRO) and the Pay Equity Hearings Tribunal (PEHT), includes a useful page of links to decisions of the four tribunals it serves. These include all WSIAT decisions, all HRTO decisions from 2000 to date, all OLRB decisions from 2000 to date, Employment Standards Appeal Decisions from 1971 to 2002 (these are the ESC cases cited in Parry's Employment Standards Handbook), and all reported PEHT decisions from 1990 to date. Decisions not provided through the above links are available in paper copy in the Ontario Workplace Tribunals Library.
http://www.owtlibrary.on.ca/english/tribdecs.htm
Review date: August 2, 2005

Landlord and tenant--Ontario

Landlord and Tenant Board
The Landlord and Tenant Board, formerly known as the Ontario Rental Housing Tribunal, was established under the Residential Tenancies Act (RTA), which came into effect on January 31, 2007, to provide information about the RTA and to resolve disputes between most residential landlords and tenants. The Board's website gathers together the full text of documents not readily found elsewhere. Available are the Boards ’s Rules of Practice, its Guidelines (policy statements explaining how the Board might deal with an issue that arises in an application), applications, forms, and notices. An online function allows applicants to check the status of an application by entering its file number. Selected Board decisions are also available on the site. 
http://www.ltb.gov.on.ca/
Review date: November 26, 1999; revised November 26, 2007

Law--Abbreviations--Indexes

Cardiff Index to Legal Abbreviations
Legal abbreviations can be confusing to both new law students and experienced legal practitioners. This useful Web-based service complied by the Law Library at Cardiff University in Wales allows you to search for the meaning of abbreviations for English language legal publications, from the U.K., the Commonwealth and the U.S., including those covering international and comparative law. A selection of major foreign language law publications is also included. The database mainly covers law reports and law periodicals, but some legislative materials and major texts are also included. The Index has several advantages over paper-based lists in that it can be searched either from abbreviation to title or from title to abbreviation and by using only a part of an abbreviation or a keyword in the title. The Index is still under development. Future work will be focused on collecting further abbreviations for the jurisdictions noted above as well as increasing the number of foreign language publications included.
http://www.legalabbrevs.cardiff.ac.uk/
Review date: March 1, 2004

Law--Alberta

Our Future, Our Past: The Alberta Heritage Digitization Project: The Alberta Law Collection
The Alberta Heritage Digitization Project is an ongoing project in which historical materials, some previously difficult for the public to access, are made available online to further historical research. Of particular interest to legal researchers is the law collection that provides access to retrospective Alberta statutes and Alberta bills from 1906 to 1990. Also available are the Alberta Gazette (includes Regulations) from 1905 to 1990; Debates of the Alberta Legislature (Hansards) from 1972 to 1993; Journals of the Alberta Legislature from 1906 to 1989; Ordinances of the Northwest Territories from 1877 to 1905; and Revised Statutes of Alberta, 1922, 1942, 1955, 1970, 1980. The collection can be browsed by year or the full text searched by keyword or phrase. Current Alberta statutes can be found at the Alberta Queen's Printer site.
http://www.ourfutureourpast.ca/law/
Review date: January 14, 2003; revised: April 18, 2006

Law--Australia

AustLII
The AustLII (Australasian Legal Information Institute) provides access to Australian primary legal materials (legislation, treaties, and decisions of courts and tribunals) as well as secondary legal materials created by public bodies for purposes of public access (law reform and royal commission reports). AustLII is one of the largest sources of legal materials on the Internet, with over 1.5 million searchable documents and 20 million hypertext links. The collection currently contains full-text databases of  Commonwealth, ACT, Northern Territory, Victorian, Western Australian, NSW, and SA legislation and regulations, and decisions from most federal courts, state courts, and tribunals. AustLII also includes a number of subject specific databases and a comprehensive index to Australian law on the Internet.
http://www.austlii.edu.au/
Review date: November 3, 2000

Law--Australia--Computer network resources

Australian Law Online
Administered by the Commonwealth Attorney-General’s Department, Australian Law Online is a portal to Australian law and justice related information and services from all levels of government. The objective of the portal is to provide Australians with ready access to clear, understandable, user-friendly information about the Australian legal system and the government organizations that are part of it. The site links primarily to selected resources from Australian government agencies, particularly those agencies within the portfolio of the Attorney-General's Department. Limited material from state and territory agencies is also provided. The resources are organized by subject, including business, consumers, crime, employment, family relationships, government, human rights, immigration and citizenship, indigenous Australians, intellectual property, legal system, media and communications, and are designed to be searched or browsed. Listings for each resource included its title, a brief description, jurisdiction, subject, author and URL. The "Legal Services" category includes links to legislation, courts, parliamentary websites, and guides to the Australian legal system.
http://www.australianlawonline.gov.au/accesspoint
Review date: December 3, 2004

Law--Canada

CanLII
CanLII (Canadian Legal Information Institute) is a prototype site in the field of public and free distribution of Canadian primary law materials. Developed for the Federation of Law Societies of Canada by the University of Montreal's LexUM team, the site provides access to legislation and case law originating from competent Canadian judicial and governmental authorities, courts, Queen's printers, law society library services, etc. The site is experimental in nature; thus, while some collections are complete (e.g., the Supreme Court of Canada decisions from 1986 to date), most are still partial. All documents are accessible by jurisdiction and by collection, or may be queried with the search engine. A permanent resource is promised soon.
http://www.canlii.org/en/index.html
Review date: September 1, 2000

LEGISinfo
A collaborative effort of the Parliamentary Research Branch and the Information and Documentation Branch of the Library of Parliament, LEGISinfo is an essential research tool for finding information on federal legislation. It provides electronic access to a wide range of information about individual bills, such as: the text of the bill at various stages; government press releases and backgrounders; legislative summaries; important speeches at second reading; votes; and coming into force data. In addition, it provides a reading list and other related Web links for House of Commons and Senate government bills. By bringing these sources together into one place, this tool offers easy access to legislative information and reduces time spent researching these matters.
http://www.parl.gc.ca/LEGISINFO/index.asp?Language=e
Review date: February 14, 2003

Law--Canada--Computer network resources

ACJNet - Access to Justice Network
Provides links to federal and provincial legislative materials, a listing of forthcoming events, legal directories, legal materials for school curricula, as well as access to discussion forums and an electronic reference service. The usefulness of the content of the legislative materials varies from province to province. Some statutes and regulations are on a fee basis.
http://www.acjnet.org/
Review date: January 20, 1999

Best Guide to Canadian Legal Research
A British Columbia based site teaching a practical legal research methodology. Uses a flow chart to explain the basic research process from presentation of the problem to writing a memorandum. There are step-by-step instructions for searching electronic databases and researching federal and provincial legislation. Links are provided to instructions for researching law in other major legal jurisdictions, and a discussion list provides a venue for discussing research strategies.
http://legalresearch.org/
Review date: January 20, 1999

Canadalegal.com
This directory of links to over 4,000 Canadian legal resources on the Internet provides a useful starting point for articling students or others interested in familiarizing themselves with a particular area of the law. The site covers 100 legal areas, ranging from administrative law to young persons issues, with the links organized into 50 categories, including law firm articles/newsletters. Users can browse by area of law or category, perform a keyword search on all the resources, or carry out an advanced search on a specific legal area, category, and/or jurisdiction. Search results include a brief synopsis of the content of each linked resource as well as the source.
http://www.canadalegal.com/
Review date: August 8, 2000

Law--Canada--Information services

Justice and the Law
Part of the Canadian Government On-Line (GOL) initiative, the Justice and the Law site provides easy access to justice-related information across Canada for citizens, businesses and legal professionals. Currently the site contains mainly federal government information, but the aim is to include information from provincial, territorial and municipal governments, as well as outside government. Organized under legal life events (buying/selling a property, divorce, bankruptcy, etc.), interest groups (Aboriginal peoples, employers/employees, youth, etc.) and legal issues (abuse/violence, citizenship, health, etc.), major categories of information include legislation, contacts and resources, helpful documents, and quick facts. Helpful features are a subject-based A-Z index, a quick keyword search, and links to glossaries of legal terms.
http://canada.justice.gc.ca/eng/jl/index.html
Review date: June 13, 2003

Law--Canada--Periodicals

Canada Gazette
The non-official electronic version of the three-part "official news bulletin" of the Government of Canada can be found here in PDF format. Part I, published every Saturday, contains formal public notices, official appointments, miscellaneous notices, and proposed regulations; Part II, published every second Wednesday, contains regulations and other classes of statutory instruments; Part III, published as soon as is reasonably practicable after Royal Assent, contains the most recent Public Acts of Parliament and their enactment proclamations.
http://www.gazette.gc.ca/index-eng.html
Review date: April 15, 1999

A Nation's Chronicle: The Canada Gazette
Library and Archives Canada (LAC) makes available a database of images taken from microfilm, microfiche and rare original copies of the Canada Gazette held by LAC. The digitization of this material, which began in 2007, is still underway. Not all issues are currently in the database. As of August 2009, the database now contains over 80% of all issues of the Canada Gazette. By the end of 2009, all issues of the Canada Gazette, from its beginning in 1841 until 1997 will be accessible. Although not officially part of the Canada Gazette, the Consolidated Regulations of Canada published in 1874, 1889, 1949, 1955 and 1978 have also been included in the database for the convenience of researchers. All documents are searchable by keyword. Searches may be limited to any or all parts of the Gazette or the Consolidated Regulations.
http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/databases/canada-gazette/index-e.html
Review date: August 21, 2009

Law--Commonwealth countries

CommonLII
Launched on September 12, 2005 as part of the Commonwealth Lawyers Association Conference, the CommonLII (Commonwealth Legal Information Institute) aims to provide one central Internet location from which it will be possible to search core legal information from all Commonwealth and common law countries and territories. Legal materials include case law, legislation, treaties, law journals and law reform reports. Access is currently provided to 464 databases from 50 Commonwealth countries ranging from Antigua & Barbuda to Zambia, including Australia, Canada, India, Ireland, New Zealand, South Africa, and the United Kingdom. Also available is a catalogue of links to legal websites in all countries, a search engine to search those sites, and "law on Google" for each country. CommonLII is coordinated and operated by the Australasian Legal Information Institute (AustLII) and supported by the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies in London.
http://www.commonlii.org/
Review date: November 1, 2005

Law--Computer network resources--Directories

Portals to the World
The Portals to the World website contains links to Internet resources providing authoritative, in-depth information about the nations and other areas of the world ranging from Afghanistan to Vietnam. Selected by Library of Congress subject experts, the links are arranged by country or area and sorted into a wide range of broad categories, including business and economy, embassies, government and law, news and current events, national security, and business and residential directories. The project, which is a work in progress, currently covers 62 nations but is intended to include all the nations of the world once completed.
http://www.loc.gov/rr/international/portals.html
Review date: April 12, 2002

Law--Dictionaries

Canadian Online Legal Dictionary
Irwin Law's Canadian Online Legal Dictionary is a collaborative dictionary comprised initially of legal words and phrases defined in glossaries of Canadian law books published by Irwin Law. It is intended to be an interactive "work in progress," and users are invited to submit new defined terms, edit existing terms and supply citations, sources and related terms. The dictionary's interface is intuitive and easy-to-use. Entries can be browsed alphabetically or by topic, or the full text can be searched by keyword. Links to related terms and sources for all definitions are provided, as well as multiple definitions when appropriate. The dictionary will be maintained by an Irwin Law editor.
http://www.irwinlaw.com/cold
Review date: July 15, 2010

Law.com Dictionary
Law.com's online legal dictionary is a user-friendly guide to legal terminology for the typical lay person who is dealing with the law, courts or lawyers. It may also be of use to beginning law students. The dictionary contains plain English definitions for 3,000 common legal terms and acronyms. Entries begin with a bolded term, followed by the part of speech, and then an extended definition. Definitions often include examples to clarify a point. Sample sentences using the term defined are sometimes included, providing the user with information about collocations and grammar associated with a particular term. Pronunciation is given for Latin and French terms. The dictionary can be searched either by legal term, by searching for words or phrases in the definitions, or by browsing the entries alphabetically.
http://dictionary.law.com/
Review date: August 30, 2001

Wex
Wex is an ambitious effort to construct a collaboratively-created, public-access law dictionary and encyclopedia. Sponsored and hosted by the Legal Information Institute at the Cornell Law School, Wex is intended for a broad audience, including practitioners learning about a new area of law, law students and the general public. Much of the material currently appearing in Wex was originally developed for the LII's "Law about..." pages, to which Wex is the successor. Entries are organized into browsable subject categories. Links are provided between entries as well as to legal resources outside Wex. The site is also fully searchable. Access to the Wex authoring apparatus is limited as a way of ensuring that the quality of material remains high, with preference being given to legal academics and distinguished practitioners.
http://topics.law.cornell.edu/wex
Review date: January 3, 2006

Law--European Union countries

EUR-Lex
The latest version of EUR-Lex is the result of merging the EUR-Lex site with the CELEX database on European law. It combines the main advantages of the two systems in order to provide direct free access to the largest documentary database on European Union law. It covers texts published in the Official Journal of the European Union L (Legislation) and C (Information and notices), including legislation, international agreements, preparatory acts, and parliamentary questions. Under case-law are the judgments of the European Court of Justice and the Court of First Instance, as well as the opinions of the Advocates-General, as published in the European Court Reports and as provisional texts disseminated earlier by the Court of Justice. Also available are the Commission documents (the COM series and a selection of the SEC series), the collection of consolidated legislative texts, and the texts of the Treaties of the European Communities and later the European Union. The new system is still in its start-up phase, and a number of functions, including an advanced search function and an automatic document notification service, will be made available gradually over the next few months.
http://eur-lex.europa.eu/en/index.htm
Review date: May 2, 2005

European Judicial Network
The European Union currently has a wide variety of national legal systems, and this diversity often creates problems for individuals and the legal profession when litigation transcends national borders. The European Judicial Network is a new website designed to to make life easier for people facing litigation where there is a transnational element. Still under development, the Network’s information system will be built up gradually to provide access to information about the various national systems of civil and commercial law and the legislative instruments of the European Union and other international organizations including the United Nations, the Hague Conference and the Council of Europe. All this information will be available in the eleven official languages of the Union.
http://ec.europa.eu/civiljustice/index_en.htm
Review date: May 12, 2003

Law--Great Britain

BAILII
The BAILII (British and Irish Legal Information Institute) provides access to the most comprehensive free and up-to-date collection of case law and legislation from British and Irish courts and legislatures, with a single search engine and uniform data formats. As at 14 May 2000, BAILII included 17 databases covering 5 jurisdictions, with well over 100,000 searchable documents and about 2.5 million hypertext links. Some databases are based on material that is already available on the Web; most are taken from published and unpublished CD-ROMs or are provided directly by relevant courts and government departments.
http://www.bailii.org/
Review date: August 8, 2000

legislation.gov.uk
Launched on 29th July, 2010, this new site brings together all legislation from the UK Statute Law Database (SLD) with the "as enacted" legislation currently published on the Office of Public Sector Information (OPSI) website to provide a single legislation service that will eventually replace the current services. Legislation.gov.uk carries most types of legislation and accompanying explanatory documents, including all legislation from 1988 (there are no secondary legislation items, e.g., statutory instruments, available before 1988) and most pre-1988 primary legislation. It is the official place of publication for newly enacted legislation. The aim is to publish legislation on the site simultaneously or at least within 24 hours of its publication in printed form. The SLD website will remain in place until all content and functionality is available on the new site. There are a few Acts that have not yet been migrated from SLD. These will be loaded onto the new site in August 2010. Some functionality currently available on SLD is not yet available on legislation.gov.uk (full content search, geographical extent and point in time advanced search options, confers power and blanket amendment information). This functionality will be added in a series of releases over the summer of 2010.
http://www.legislation.gov.uk
Review date: August 15, 2010

Law--Great Britain--Periodicals

Legal Technology Insider
This niche market website from the United Kingdom provides the latest legal technology and new media law news and information. In addition to the current week's news stories, the website includes searchable archives of back issues of the newsletter Legal Technology Insider dating from 1997 (the latest issue is available by subscription only) and Insider Newswire, a free ezine that reported the latest legal technology and new media law news, both in the U.K. and internationally, from 1998-2004.
http://www.legaltechnology.org/
Review date: December 10, 2001; revised: April 18, 2006

Law--Language

Plain Language and the Law
This page on the website of the Plain Language Association International provides a number of useful resources for lawyers and law drafters on plain language—language simplified to make it readily understandable to the average person. The resources include articles on plain language principles ranging from "A Crash Course in Plain Language" to "Winning Cases with Effective Writing," as well as publishing guidelines, a legal bibliography, links to plain language organizations, a plain English manual from the Australian Office of Parliamentary Counsel on the Drafting Legislation, and the SEC's "A Plain Language Handbook."
http://plainlanguagenetwork.org/Legal/index.html.
Review date: May 6, 2002

Law--New Zealand

The GP Legislation Collection
GP Legislation, New Zealand's official printer of legislation and parliamentary publications, provides free access to databases of the Acts of New Zealand fully or partially in force since 1837 and Hansard from 1987. A list of acts can be browsed alphabetically or by year. Hansard can be browsed chronologically. The collection is updated daily as new legislation or parliamentary debates progress through the House of Representatives. A fee-based search facility is also available, providing access to the databases of acts and Hansard, as well as regulations, bills, and supplementary order papers.
http://www.knowledge-basket.co.nz/gpprint/welcome.html
Review date: November 26, 1999

Law--Ontario

e-Laws
Release 3 of the Ontario Government's e-Laws site, which contains consolidated versions of most of Ontario's public statutes and regulations, includes a number of helpful additions: historical versions of all consolidated public statutes and regulations, starting with any change occurring on or after January 1, 2004; source law back to 2000; annual snapshots of the body of consolidated public statutes and regulations, as of January 1 of 2003 and 2004; the text of certain repealed statutes and revoked regulations; and the text of selected constitutional and Imperial statutes. In addition, the search engine can be used to search across all the statutes and regulations consolidated as of January 1 of each year, beginning with January 1, 2003, and the browse list for consolidated statutes and regulations includes links to historical versions of the statute or regulation and to the detailed legislative history. Finally, two new reference tables have been added: the Table of Ministerial Responsibility for Public Statutes; and the Annual Lists of Regulations Filed.
http://www.e-laws.gov.on.ca/index.html
Review date: April 6, 2004

Law--Ontario--Information services

Legal Line
Legal Information Ontario is a non-profit organization that offers free legal information to Ontario residents though its Legal Line website, as well as a 24-hour touch-tone telephone service. FAQs under 28 areas of the law ranging from Arbitration/Mediation to Workers' Compensation provide users with sufficient general information about legal issues (but not legal advice) to know when the assistance of a lawyer is advisable, and to direct them to members of the Ontario Bar, other professional services, and listings and links to government offices and agencies. With the assistance of 1,200 participating provincial and federal offices, community organizations, and law firms, free Legal Line guides are also available.
http://www.legalline.ca/
Review date: July 10, 2000

Law--Ontario--Popular works

ALERT cJustice Video Library
The Advancement of Legal Education and Research Trust (ALERT), the charitable arm of the Ontario Bar Association (OBA), has launched a bilingual online video library to help the public better understand the law and Ontario’s justice system. The first series of videos, available in the ALERT cJustice Video Library, cover Small Claims Court and pensions and benefits law. The Ontario Small Claims Court series provides viewers with a comprehensive overview of what to expect when they commence or defend a matter in this Court. Topics covered by the series on pensions and benefits law include saving for retirement under defined contribution pension plans, rules surrounding access to pension benefits, and pension division issues on marriage breakdown. The videos can be viewed on ALERT’s YouTube channel. All videos are available in both English and French. The video library is expected to grow with new legal matters being addressed in the coming months. Existing videos will be reviewed periodically to ensure they remain current and accurate to the law.
http://www.youtube.com/user/alertoba
Review date: October 15, 2010

Legal Resources for Non Lawyers
This useful series of guides has been prepared by the Bora Laskin Law Library at the University of Toronto to provide assistance to non-lawyers who have a legal problem and need legal help. The first, "Finding Legal Help in Ontario," describes government programs that offer legal help free of charge or at reduced rates for people on a budget. The second guide, "Legal Research for Beginners," is aimed at the first-time legal researcher and explains how to conduct legal research in Canada. Lastly, the third guide,"You and the Law - Community Legal Information on the Web," is a compilation of links to legal and government information freely available on the Internet. Intended primarily for residents of Ontario, the links range from general or comprehensive sources of legal information to more specific sources dealing with such topics as citizenship, the court system, motor vehicles and driving, power of attorney, travel, family law, employment law, landlord and tenant, and bankruptcy.
http://www.law-lib.utoronto.ca/comminfo/index.htm
Review date: August 4, 2004

Law--Periodicals

Global Legal Monitor (GLM)
Launched on September 24, 2008, the redesigned Global Legal Monitor has transformed from a monthly published PDF to a dynamic continuously updated website with an RSS feed. The Global Legal Monitor from the Law Library of Congress covers legal news and developments worldwide. It draws on information from the Global Legal Information Network, official national legal publications and reliable press sources. The new Global Legal Monitor allows you to view legal developments by topic (more than one hundred so far) or by jurisdiction (over one hundred and fifty, including Canada). Each legal development has its own permanent link for easy access, sharing and bookmarking. You can also search the content of the Global Legal Monitor through its advanced search interface. To keep up to date on new legal developments in the Global Legal Monitor, subscribe to its RSS feed.
http://www.loc.gov/lawweb/servlet/lloc_news?home
Review date: October 7, 2008

Law--Periodicals--Indexes

Contents Pages from Law Reviews and Other Scholarly Journals
The Tarlton Law Library at the University of Texas School of Law provides a keyword-searchable database of tables of contents from more than 750 law reviews and other scholarly publications related to the law published in the United States and abroad. Updated daily, the database lists journal issues received over the past three months by the Tarlton Law Library. Users can also browse the archives of contents pages received in the current month or either of the two previous months. In addition, lists of journals included in the database are linked to websites providing further information about the journals and, in some cases, abstracts of articles (e.g., Canadian Journal of Family Law) or full-text articles (e.g., Canadian Tax Journal).
http://tarlton.law.utexas.edu/tallons/content_search.html
Review date: September 7, 2004

Database of Law Journals Available Electronically
Located on the website of the Bora Laskin Law Library at the University of Toronto, this browsable alphabetical list and searchable database of law journals is of particular use in determining which commercial legal database offers access to a specific law journal. The list includes full-text law journals available on either Lexis-Nexis, Westlaw, Westlaw Canada, LexisNexis Quicklaw, University of Toronto Electronic Resources or the Internet. It provides the database codes of journals offered by the commercial databases and links to customer login pages as well as direct links to full-text law journals freely available on the Internet. Wherever possible, holdings information has been included (e.g., Advocate's Society Journal QUICKLAW ADVJ from 1992).
http://www.law-lib.utoronto.ca/journals/search.asp
Review date: September 7, 2004; revised April 18, 2006

Free Full-text Online Law Review/Law Journal Search Engine
This free search engine maintained by American Bar Association's Legal Technology Resource Center searches the free full-text of over 400 online law reviews and law journals, as well as document repositories hosting academic papers and related publications such as Congressional Research Service reports. Several of the law reviews and legal journals (e.g., the Stanford Technology Law Review), working papers, and reports are available online only and may have recent items posted in PDF on their websites. The search engine, created using Google Custom Search, is designed to make it easier for users to find substantive legal analysis available on the Internet. In addition to a list of journals searched, the site includes links to journals with free full-text content online which must be searched/browsed manually.
http://www.abanet.org/tech/ltrc/lawreviewsearch.html
Review date: January 24, 2011

Law--Sources

The Avalon Project
The Avalon Project at Yale Law School is a collection of primary source materials relevant to the fields of law, history, economics, politics, diplomacy and government. The collection is arranged chronologically into five categories: pre-18th Century, 18th Century, 19th Century, 20th Century, and 21st century. Pre-18th century documents include the Athenian Constitution and the Statutes of William the Conqueror. Documents from the 18th century include Blackstone's Commentaries on the Laws of England, 1765-1769. The 19th and 20th century collections are extensive, with the 19th Century focusing on trade issues and the 20th Century on World War II and the creation of the United Nations. To date, the 21st century documents relate to problems in the Middle East and terrorism. Access is provided alphabetically within each time period, as well as by a author and title.
http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/avalon.htm
Review date: October 15, 2002; revised July 15, 2008

Law--Study and teaching--Canada--Computer network resources

JURIST Canada
As part of Jurist: The Law Professors’ Network, this site provides an extensive and well organized set of links to Canadian academic legal resources (law schools, journals, conference papers, etc.). Equally valuable, is its emphasis on legal news. Links are provided to the latest legal news stories and decisions, both Canadian and foreign.
http://jurist.law.utoronto.ca/
Review date: January 20, 1999

Law--Study and teaching--Ontario

Ontario Justice Education Network
The redesigned website of the Ontario Justice Education Network (OJEN) provides a wealth of resources, information, and inspiration for justice education activities. Courtrooms & Classrooms is OJEN’s signature program, focused primarily on schools. It is also the umbrella under which related justice education activities take place. The links on this page will take you to either information regarding Courtroom & Classroom visits, or to information about programs such as Judge Shadowing, Adopt-a-School, Criminal Code Donations, Mock Trial Tournaments, Law Symposia, and Grade 9 "Take Our Kids to Work Day." Also available on the website is an Upcoming Events Calendar to alert you to initiatives throughout Ontario designed to increase public awareness and understanding of the justice system, as well as annotated links to law-related resources for high school law and civics teachers, including websites, texts and magazines (a printable version is also provided).
http://www.ojen.ca/
Review date: October 4, 2004

Law--United States

AltLaw
Launched by Columbia Law School and the University of Colorado Law School in August 2007, this new website provides the first free, full-text searchable database of U.S. Supreme Court and federal appellate court decisions. Altlaw is a resource for lawyers, legal scholars, and the general public. The database currently contains nearly 170,000 decisions dating back to the early 1990s. Features include advanced search capabilities, such as Boolean searching, proximity searching and the use of wildcards, as well as the ability to browse cases chronologically. AltLaw is still under development, but the goal is to add new search features, daily updating, reporter citations, and state and district court cases as soon as possible.
http://www.altlaw.org/v1/
Review date: August 28, 2007

Cornell Legal Research Encyclopedia
Currently under development, Cornell Law Library's Legal Research Encyclopedia is planned as a comprehensive compilation of legal sources that recognizes the availability of legal materials in multiple formats. The compilation is a topical and jurisdictional arrangement of all available formats, including print, microform, CD-ROM, Westlaw, Lexis and the Internet, and includes references as well as direct links. Information provided to date as part of this ambitious undertaking consists mainly of United States federal and state law sources, as well as country law guides for Austria, Belgium, France, South Africa, Switzerland and Turkey.
http://library2.lawschool.cornell.edu/encyclopedia/
Review date: March 13, 2000

GPO's Federal Digital System (FDsys)
For more than 15 years GPO Access has been America’s source for U.S. federal government information online, but in 2009 GPO unveiled the next generation of government information online with the Federal Digital System (FDsys). FDsys became GPO's official website for government information as of December 20, 2010, and GPO Access is available as an archive only until mid-2011 when it will retire. Through FDsys, GPO is utilizing new technologies and methods for acquiring, authenticating, preserving and providing access to official federal government publications in digital form. FDsys contains almost 50 collections of government information ranging from congressional materials, to presidential materials, and materials from federal agencies.Users can browse documents and publications by collection, congressional committee, and date; search using advanced search capabilities; access metadata to increase the relevancy of searches; and download multiple renditions or file formats. FDsys Help provides specific hints and strategies such as sample searches and metadata descriptions for each collection. Additionally, FDsys Help provides access to extensive descriptive information about the documents in each collection.
http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/
Review date: March 29, 2011

Wikilaw
This new legal wikipedia was established by two New York law school graduates "with the hope that legal information could be created collaboratively and freely shared among lawyers and other interested individuals." (For information about "wikis" in general see Wikipedia.) Wikilaw features collaborative spaces for treatises, a law dictionary, a law review, sample motions from the states, and Democracy 2.0, an experiment which hypothesizes that a wide range of individuals, not just politicians and special interest groups, can contribute to the creation of the United State's laws. Wikilaw's goal is to build the largest open-content legal resource in the world by tapping into the knowledge of the roughly 1,000,000 lawyers in the United States. The site is still very new, so the content is limited. However, the larger the Wikilaw community grows, the more useful this resource may prove to be.
http://www.wikilaw.org/index.php?title=Main_Page
Review date: March 1, 2006

Law firms--Canada--Directories

The Canadian Legal LEXPERT Directory
LEXPERT has quickly established itself as a valuable and much needed resource for researching Canadian lawyers by subject specialty. The web version of this directory identifies leading firms and practitioners in over 50 practice areas. As well, overviews of recent legislative and case law developments across Canada are provided for each subject area.
http://www.lexpert.ca/directory/
Review date: January 20, 1999

Law firms--Computer network resources

Fee Fie Foe Firm
Fee Fie Foe Firm is a law firm search engine developed in Australia to facilitate access to law firm website content. Its focus is on firm profiles, practitioner profiles, media releases, legal news and updates, case notes and other expert legal analysis, and newsletters, bulletins and other publications. Jurisdictions currently covered by the site are Australia, Canada, Ireland, New Zealand, Singapore, South Africa, the United Kingdom and the United States. Searching is by keyword with the option to limit results to material added in the last 24 hours through to material added in the last five years. For some jurisdictions it is possible to refine search results to give priority to people, expertise, publications or media releases. The site is currently under development.
http://www.feefiefoefirm.com/
Review date: April 3, 2009

Law firms--Computer network resources--Canada

Search Canadian Law Firm Websites, Blogs & Journals
This recently updated Google custom search tool now facilitates access to the content of 79 Canadian law firm websites, including most of the large and mid-sized firms, and some boutiques and regional firms. The firms chosen by Toronto lawyer/librarian Ted Tjaden represent the majority of quality commentary in law firm bulletins. Coverage also includes 205 Canadian law-related blogs, 20 Canadian law journal websites, the BC Courthouse Library and the CBA and CBAO. Additionally, refinement links have been added to the search results page to enable users to refine their results to publications (law firm publications), blogs or journals.
http://tinyurl.com/canadianlawfirms
Review date: January 25, 2010

Law offices--United States

ABA Network: Law Practice Management Section
The Law Practice Management Section of the American Bar Association's ABA Network offers a number of online resources that could be of interest to Canadian lawyers. While parts of the site are just a enticement to join the section, there is real content under, for instance, "Newsletter" and "Best Practices." Current and past issues of the newsletter"Law Practice Quarterly" contain innovative concepts, management ideas, and practical tips for every kind and size of law practice. The "Best Practices" section of the site includes legal writing advice, excerpts from a featured book of the month, and articles and advice on marketing, networking, and technology.
http://www.abanet.org/lpm/home.shtml
Review date: June 3, 2002

Law offices--United States--Periodicals

Law Practice Management
The Law Practice Management Section of the American Bar Association posts online the full text (not just abstracts) of all the articles and regular columns in its Law Practice Management magazine. Articles cover the latest issues in law practice management, including leadership, marketing, and the effective use of technology. Regular columns feature information about technology updates, new Internet services, and websites, marketing, timely practice tips, and the latest products, as well as book reviews and multiple checklists and how-to guides. Magazine content is complemented by articles from Law Practice Quarterly Newsletter and LawPractice.news, the section's monthly newsletter.
http://www.abanet.org/lpm/magazine/home.shtml
Review date: March 2, 2001

Law reform

Law Reform Database
The website of the British Columbia Law Institute provides access to an invaluable database of law reform materials from common law jurisdictions around the world. The database, which has been under development since 1988, contains 6,600 records and is current to August 31, 2000. Each record describes a discrete publication of a law reform agency in Canada, the Commonwealth, or the United States. The database can be searched by keyword, agency, title, year, document type, jurisdiction, and/or subject. A report ordering service is available for those interested in obtaining copies or partial copies of documents indexed by the database.
http://www.bcli.org/bclrg/law-reform
Review date: March 30, 2001

Law Commission of Ontario
Launched last September, the Law Commission of Ontario (LCO) is a partnership between the Attorney General, the Law Foundation of Ontario, the Law Society of Upper Canada, and Ontario's six law schools. Its role is to act as an arm's-length independent forum in which to research sensitive legal policy issues and recommend reforms. The LCO's website functions as a communication vehicle to inform the public about the progress of its projects, including the posting of consultation papers and interim and draft reports and pre-studies. It also allows the announcement of projects, online discussion about projects, and feedback and announcements about research opportunities at the LCO. Initial projects for which consultation papers are now available include: Fees for Cashing Government Cheques, The Law As It Affects Older Adults, and Division of Pensions upon Marriage Breakdown.
http://www.lco-cdo.org/en/index.html
Review date: June 10, 2008

Law reports, digests, etc.

WorldLII
A joint initiative of university-based Legal Information Institutes, the WorldLII (World Legal Information Institute) provides access to worldwide law via a single search facility for databases located on AustLII, BAILII, CanLII, HKLII, LII (Cornell), and PacLII. Types of legal databases include case law, legislation, treaties, law reform reports, and law journals mainly from countries with a common law tradition, including Australasia, Canada, Britain and Ireland, the Pacific Islands, Hong Kong, and other countries in Asia and Africa. WorldLII also provides its own databases covering decisions of international courts and tribunals. This site provides a systematic and comprehensive approach to accessing the vast quantity of legal information available via the Internet.
http://www.worldlii.org/
Review date: December 13, 2002

Law reports, digests, etc.--Alberta

Alberta Courts
Alberta is the third province, after British Columbia and Ontario, to launch a courts website. Alberta's site features a Judgment Database, which includes decisions since 1998 from all Alberta courts. Judgments are posted 48 hours after their release and can be searched by court, date, or keyword. The site also provides general information about the Province's court system and access to practice notes, rules, and forms.
http://www.albertacourts.ab.ca
Review date: June 7, 1999

Law reports, digests, etc.--Australia

AustLII
The AustLII (Australasian Legal Information Institute) provides access to Australian primary legal materials (legislation, treaties, and decisions of courts and tribunals) as well as secondary legal materials created by public bodies for purposes of public access (law reform and royal commission reports). AustLII is one of the largest sources of legal materials on the Internet, with over 1.5 million searchable documents and 20 million hypertext links. The collection currently contains full-text databases of  Commonwealth, ACT, Northern Territory, Victorian, Western Australian, NSW, and SA legislation and regulations, and decisions from most federal courts, state courts, and tribunals. AustLII also includes a number of subject specific databases and a comprehensive index to Australian law on the Internet.
http://www.austlii.edu.au/
Review date: November 3, 2000

Law reports, digests, etc.--British Columbia

British Columbia Superior Courts
This site contains a searchable database of the decisions of British Columbia's Court of Appeal and Supreme Court since January 1996. The full text of all judgments can be searched by keyword, or the judgments of each court and year can be browsed either chronologically or by subject. Judgments are available, at the earliest, one day after their release. Each court also provides judgments released during the current week, practice directions, and notices to the profession. Decisions are available in text format only.
http://www.courts.gov.bc.ca/
Review date: July 23, 1999

Law reports, digests, etc.--Canada

CanLII
CanLII (Canadian Legal Information Institute) is the largest free online legal website providing access to primary sources of Canadian law. It is funded by the members of the Federation of Law Societies of Canada and produced by the Lexum. The site contains collections of court and administrative tribunal decisions from Canada’s federal, provincial and territorial jurisdictions. CanLII usually publishes decisions within two working days after they are received. The site also contains consolidations of statutes and regulations as published by official printers from the various jurisdictions. Prior and updated versions of legislative materials are available in point-in-time databases, which provide access not only to a current, up-to-date version of the consolidated legislative text, but also to past versions since approximately 2004. Legislative updates are carried out on a weekly basis. All materials are accessible by jurisdiction and collection and can be browsed or searched using basic or advanced queries. Also available are RSS feeds.
Review date: September 1, 2000; updated March 31, 2011
http://www.canlii.org/en/

Judgments of the Supreme Court of Canada
The Lexum site, where the Court’s decisions, news releases and bulletins are posted through a collaborative effort of the Supreme Court of Canada and the Lexum informatique juridique, provides access to a searchable database of all judgments of the Supreme Court of Canada since 1948. It also includes many decisions delivered before 1948 and all decisions originating from Ontario and British Columbia back to 1876. Supreme Court Reports (S.C.R.) from 1970 to date are available in both English and French. Decisions published prior to 1970 are provided in the language of publication only. Recent decisions are loaded onto the site the day they are released. The judgments can be browsed by S.C.R. volume or by date, neutral citation, case name, or subject. Simple and advanced search options enable keyword or judgment field searches. Mailing lists are available to notify subscribers of any new judgment or bulletin released by the Court and to disseminate the Court's news releases.
http://scc.lexum.org/en/index.html
Review date: June 2, 2006; updated March 31, 2011

Law reports, digests, etc.--European Union countries

Curia: The Court of Justice of the European Communities
The official website of the Court of Justice and the Court of First Instance of the European Communities provides access to case law from 1953 to date, as well as background information on the organization, composition, jurisdiction and procedure of the courts. Judgments can be browsed by case number and viewed in full text. Judgments, opinions and orders delivered since June 1997 can be searched by party name, date, case number, subject or keyword. Digests of cases, an alphabetical listing of subject areas, and references to published legal literature relating to judgments of the Court of Justice and the Court of First Instance are available in French only. Also available on the site are texts governing the procedure of the courts, including extracts from establishing treaties, rules of procedure and practice directions; summaries of proceedings of the courts since 1997; a court diary for the current week; press releases since 1996; and links to European Union law in Europe and the European Union institutions.
http://curia.europa.eu/jcms/jcms/j_6/home
Review date: October 27, 1999; updated December 2, 2005

Law reports, digests, etc.--France

Institute of Global Law
Acknowledging the impact of law across national boundaries, this website from the Institute of Global Law at University College London offers English translations of French and German legal decisions in the fields of constitutional, administrative, contract and tort law. Included are cases from the Bundesverfassungsgericht, the Bundesgerichtshof, the Conseil constitutionnel, the Conseil d’État and the Cour de cassation. German cases are organized by subject, and French cases are arranged by court and then by subject. All cases are arranged in tables according to: the judgment date; the citation, including an indication on any subsequent developments; a brief summary of the case as well as the statutes mainly involved in the decision; and related decisions of other courts available in other sections of the website.
http://www.ucl.ac.uk/laws/global_law/content.shtml?decisions
Review date: February 14, 2003

Law reports, digests, etc.--Germany

Institute of Global Law
Acknowledging the impact of law across national boundaries, this website from the Institute of Global Law at University College London offers English translations of French and German legal decisions in the fields of constitutional, administrative, contract and tort law. Included are cases from the Bundesverfassungsgericht, the Bundesgerichtshof, the Conseil constitutionnel, the Conseil d’État and the Cour de cassation. German cases are organized by subject, and French cases are arranged by court and then by subject. All cases are arranged in tables according to: the judgment date; the citation, including an indication on any subsequent developments; a brief summary of the case as well as the statutes mainly involved in the decision; and related decisions of other courts available in other sections of the website.
http://www.ucl.ac.uk/laws/global_law/content.shtml?decisions
Review date: February 14, 2003

Law reports, digests, etc.--Great Britain

BAILII
The BAILII (British and Irish Legal Information Institute) provides access to the most comprehensive free and up-to-date collection of case law and legislation from British and Irish courts and legislatures, with a single search engine and uniform data formats. As at 14 May 2000, BAILII included 17 databases covering 5 jurisdictions, with well over 100,000 searchable documents and about 2.5 million hypertext links. Some databases are based on material that is already available on the Web; most are taken from published and unpublished CD-ROMs or are provided directly by relevant courts and government departments.
http://www.bailii.org/
Review date: August 8, 2000

English Reports
Free online access to the entire collection of the English Reports is now available on CommonLII (Commonwealth Legal Information Institute). The English Reports contains over 100,000 of the most important cases reported between 1220 and 1873. The data has been provided by Justis as part of its cooperation with AustLII in an Australian Research Council Linkage grant. The database is fully searchable using AustLII's search engine. Search results are sorted in likely order of relevance (date ranking may also be used). The reports can also be browsed by year or alphabetically. The cases are available as printable PDFs that replicate the pagination and appearance of the hard copies exactly. All reports have been given a unique citation (e.g., [1867] EngR 19) in addition to their original E.R. and nominate reports citations. The reports can also be searched simultaneously with other databases from common law jurisdictions available via CommonLII.
http://www.commonlii.org/int/cases/EngR/
Review date: December 4, 2008

Her Majesty's Court Service
Her Majesty's Court Service is an executive agency of the Department for Constitutional Affairs, providing administrative support to a number of courts and tribunals in England and Wales, including the Court of Appeal, the High Court, the Crown Court, and the county courts. The site provides access to selected recent judgments, practice directions, daily lists, and notices from these courts.
http://www.hmcourts-service.gov.uk/
Review date: June 28, 1999; revised April 18, 2006

Law reports, digests, etc.--Ontario

Guide to Ontario Courts
The Ontario Courts website provides searchable access to the full text of Court of Appeal judgments and endorsements since June 1998 and appeal book endorsements since April 2003. New judgments and endorsements are posted daily. As of September 7, 2007, certain proceedings of the Court of Appeal are webcast. Also available is information concerning the Court of Appeal for Ontario, the Superior Court of Justice, and the Ontario Court of Justice, including notices and practice directions, speeches, weekly case lists, Family Law Rules and forms, set fines schedules, and court rules. As of February 17, 2009, a Court of Appeal RSS feed is available to provide notification of newly released decisions, case lists, motions for leave to appeal, and non-publication orders and in camera hearings.
http://www.ontariocourts.on.ca/en/
Review date: January 20, 1999; updated March 6, 2009

Law reports, digests, etc.--Québec (Province)

Jugements.qc.ca
The Ministère de la Justice du Québec and the Société québécoise d’information juridique (SOQUIJ) make available the decisions of 13 judicial courts and agencies in Quebec, including the Quebec Court of Appeal, the Quebec Superior Court, the Quebec Court, the Tribunal du travail, the Tribunal des profession, the Human Rights Tribunal, the Police Ethics Committee, the Commission des lésions professionnelles (CLP), the Commission municipale du Québec (CMQ), the Commission de protection du territoire agricole du Québec (CPTAQ), the Commission de reconnaissance des associations d'artistes et des associations de producteurs (CRAAAP), the Tribunal administratif du Québec (TAQ), and the Tribunal d'arbitrage (TAA). The site is equipped with a search engine that enables users to locate decisions of the various courts and agencies by date or by keyword. Unofficial English translations of selected judgments of the Court of Appeal of Quebec, the Court of Quebec and the Human Rights Tribunal which may be of importance across Canada are also available.
http://www.jugements.qc.ca/
Review date: September 19, 2006

Law reports, digests, etc.--United States

Supreme Court of the United States
The U.S. Supreme Court has finally launched its official website, providing access to opinions, court calendar, court rules, and docket information as downloadable PDF documents. Slip opinions issued during the current term are available. The text of each slip opinion is posted on the website usually on the same day the opinion is announced. The site search engine does appear to index the PDF files. (Bench opinions are available only through the websites of subscribers to Project Hermes such as FindLaw and Cornell's LII / Legal Information Institute, which post them within minutes of issuance). A list of all official and unofficial sources of opinions is also provided. Docket information regarding the status of cases is available for both the current and prior terms.
http://www.supremecourtus.gov/index.html
Review date: July 10, 2000; revised October 2, 2000

Lawyers--Canada

Centre for the Legal Profession
Canada's first Centre for the Legal Profession has been established at the University of Toronto Faculty of Law. Funded by the Law Foundation of Ontario and the Faculty of Law, the Centre's goal is to enhance the understanding of professionalism, ethics and public service, and the relationship between them. The Centre hopes to collaborate in its activities with the Law Society and other legal organizations, the Courts, other law schools and universities across Canada and abroad, and public interest organizations. The Centre's website includes information about upcoming and past events, professional education programs, and links to resources such as recent cases, articles, news, journals and other publications, and other centres that work on legal professionalism and ethics.
http://www.clp.utoronto.ca/site3.aspx
Review date: March 3, 2009

Federation of Law Societies of Canada
The Federation of Law Societies of Canada (FLSC) is the coordinating body of the 14 law societies who have the overall responsibility to regulate the legal profession in Canada. Through its website, FLSC communicates with its members, promotes its initiatives, disseminates information on the practice of law and circulates news on law societies and the Canadian legal profession. It provides Canadian lawyers with information on what their law societies are doing nationally and internationally on such issues as the protection of solicitor-client privilege, GATS and the WTO, and mobility and the regulation of lawyers in Canada and internationally. It provides foreign lawyers with information on how to practice law in Canada. In addition, the website contains information on the work of FLSC committees, details of cases FLSC and the law societies have been involved in, the law societies' acts and regulations, CLE and BAC links, discipline and insurance links, and annual statistics on law societies. The site can be viewed in English or French.
http://www.flsc.ca/
Review date: August 4, 2004

Lawyers--Canada--Directories

The Canadian Legal LEXPERT Directory
LEXPERT has quickly established itself as a valuable and much needed resource for researching Canadian lawyers by subject specialty. The web version of this directory identifies leading firms and practitioners in over 50 practice areas. As well, overviews of recent legislative and case law developments across Canada are provided for each subject area.
http://www.lexpert.ca/directory/
Review date: January 20, 1999

Lawyers--Employment--Canada

jobsinlaw.ca
Law Times Inc. offers a useful online tool for individuals seeking employment and career information in the legal industry as well as for employers seeking employees. Job seekers can browse for jobs without registering; however, registration is free of charge and offers registered job seekers the advantage of being able to search listings and apply for jobs online. Registered employers can purchase packages that allow them to place job ad listings for job seekers. The site's home page lists available job categories as well as recent jobs and provides a quick search which includes fields for keywords, areas of practice, years of practice, country, province and city. There is also an advanced search which adds salary fields. Job ad listings include basic job information (date posted, date due, job title, location, areas of practice, etc.), job description and company information.
http://www.jobsinlaw.ca/index.php?action=page_home&pid=&value=
Review date: January 2, 2006

Lawyers--Ontario

The Law Society of Upper Canada
The newly redesigned website of the Law Society of Upper Canada provides a wealth of information to both members of the legal profession and the public. Lawyers can access information ranging from Convocation decisions and new legislation that affects the profession, to news of upcoming Law Society events, links to library and research services, and online registrations and form filings. The site also provides members of the public with useful information, such as how to find a lawyer through the Lawyer Referral Service and how the Law Society's complaints process operates, as well as access to information about legal aid and community clinics. The site is well organized under meaningful categories, and a search engine is available.
http://www.lsuc.on.ca/index.aspx
Review date: January 7, 2002

Lawyers--Ontario--Accounting

Bookkeeping Guide
Located on the website of the Law Society of Upper Canada, this practical guide helps members and their staff deal with common bookkeeping issues in a law office and also better understand the Law Society By-Laws 18 and 19. Although the Guide is geared to sole practitioners and small law firms, its recommendations can be applied in any size law office. Topics covered include: types of accounting systems; bank accounts in a law practice; financial institutions for lawyers’ trust accounts; maintaining financial records; disbursing trust funds; credit and debit card payments; and automated banking machines. Sample books and records are provided at the end of the Guide as examples of financial records described in By-Law 18. In addition, an "Internal Control Self Assessment Guide" is available to assist lawyers who lack the resources to implement a formal control structure.
http://rc.lsuc.on.ca/jsp/bookkeepingGuide/index.jsp.
Review date: January 5, 2004

Legal aid--Ontario

CLEO: Community Legal Information Ontario
CLEO (Community Legal Information Ontario) is a community legal clinic that produces clear language material for people with low incomes and other disadvantaged groups, including immigrants and refugees, seniors, women and injured workers. Most of the materials are in the form of booklets, pamphlets, fact sheets and manuals and are available free of charge. Many are also posted on the website under "Publications Online." Topics include social assistance, landlord and tenant law, refugee and immigration law, workers' rights, family law, elder abuse, consumer rights, women's issues and laws affecting young people. Most publications are available in French, and some are available in other languages. Materials are regularly updated to reflect changes in the law. New publications are developed in response to community needs. CLEO also functions as a clearinghouse for other legal publications intended for the non-lawyer and has good links under "Publications Available from Other Sources."
http://www.cleo.on.ca/english/index.htm
Review date: March 1, 2004

Legal ethics

ABA Center for Professional Responsibility
The American Bar Association Center for Professional Responsibility is involved in the development, interpretation and promotion of discussion of standards and scholarly resources in legal ethics, professional regulation, professionalism and client protection mechanisms. The Center's website provides news about developments in the field of professional responsibility and contains information about the various products and services available to its members, lawyers and the public, including: the Model Rules of Professional Conduct, the Model Code of Professional Responsibility, the Code of Judicial Conduct, as well as summaries of ethics opinions of the ABA Standing Committee on Ethics and Professional Responsibility from 1996 to the present. There is also discussion of current ethical issues such as multidisciplinary and multijurisdictional practice of law.
http://www.abanet.org/cpr/
Review date: February 2, 2004

Ethics and Lawyering.com
Ethics and Lawyering.com is the website of the free electronic newsletter, Ethics and Lawyering Today, published roughly on a monthly basis by American lawyers William Freivogel and Lucian Pera. Intended as a quick way for busy practicing lawyers to keep up with significant developments about ethics and lawyering, the newsletter delivers pithy, practical updates about new cases, opinions and developments in the various laws, rules of ethics and other regulations that govern how lawyers practice law today. Links to the full text of documents are also provided wherever possible. The current issue is available on the website as well as an archive of past issues dating back to March 2001. Alternatively, users can subscribe to receive free copies of the newsletter by e-mail.
http://www.ethicsandlawyering.com/.
Review date: April 14, 2003

Legal assistance to the poor--Ontario

Law Help Ontario
Law Help Ontario is a legal resource centre launched by Pro Bono Law Ontario for people who cannot afford legal representation with civil matters at the Toronto Superior Court of Justice. The two-year pilot centre is based at 393 University Avenue in Toronto, in the building that houses the Superior Court of Justice, and has a second location at Small Claims Court in Toronto. Walk-in clients can receive services such as plain language information about court rules and procedures, assistance filling out court forms, and pro bono legal advice and pro bono duty counsel representation at certain types of appearances. The Law Help Ontario website provides online resources and automated document assembly to support the Law Help centres. Law Help Ontario is designed for litigants that cannot qualify for legal aid or afford to hire a lawyer. The services offered by the centre directly respond to the recently released Coulter Osborne Civil Justice Reform Project report on ways to improve public access to civil courts. Law Help Ontario at Superior Court opened to the public on Monday, December 3, 2007 and will be open Monday through Friday, from 9 a.m. to 4 p.m. The Small Claims Court location provides services to unrepresented litigants two days each week. The project is funded by the Law Foundation of Ontario.
http://www.lawhelpontario.org/
Review date: December 14, 2007

Legal research--Canada

Best Guide to Canadian Legal Research
A British Columbia based site teaching a practical legal research methodology. Uses a flow chart to explain the basic research process from presentation of the problem to writing a memorandum. There are step-by-step instructions for searching electronic databases and researching federal and provincial legislation. Links are provided to instructions for researching law in other major legal jurisdictions, and a discussion list provides a venue for discussing research strategies.
http://legalresearch.org/
Review date: January 20, 1999

Legal Research and Writing
Launched in conjunction with the publication of the third edition of Ted Tjaden’s text, Legal Research and Writing, this companion website provides links to all the major URLs listed in the book as well as basic information about legal research and writing. It includes sections covering secondary legal resources (books, law journals, CLE papers, encyclopedias, case digests, reference tools, law blogs and news), primary legal resources (case law and legislation), and links for international law, foreign law, governments, law-related organizations, legal writing and legal citation. A recent addition to the Case Law page is a chart of links for accessing Canadian court dockets. The author hopes to continue to develop the site and to possibly include a section containing any major updates on new cases or other information found in the book.
http://www.legalresearchandwriting.ca
Review date: December 1, 2010

Legal research--Canada--Data processing

Best Guide to Canadian Legal Research
A British Columbia based site teaching a practical legal research methodology. Uses a flow chart to explain the basic research process from presentation of the problem to writing a memorandum. There are step-by-step instructions for searching electronic databases and researching federal and provincial legislation. Links are provided to instructions for researching law in other major legal jurisdictions, and a discussion list provides a venue for discussing research strategies.
http://legalresearch.org/
Review date: January 20, 1999

Legal research--European Union countries

Foreign Law Research (FLARE)
FLARE is a collaborative research project organized by major libraries collecting law in the United Kingdom in order to improve the coverage and accessibility of foreign legal materials at the national level and to raise expertise in their use. Project members include the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, Bodleian Law Library, Squire Law Library and the British Library. Current projects include the production of a series of online research guides that provide an introduction to legal research and guidance on legal sources, focusing particularly on European Union member states. The guides describe sources of primary and secondary law — codes and statutes, law reports, digests, encyclopedias, treatises, periodicals, and online resources — and are currently available for Belgium, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Spain, the United Kingdom, the United States, Poland, Russia and the Ukraine, as well as for Public International Law. In addition, quick reference guides on how to find statutes and cases for foreign countries using both Internet and printed resources are provided for France, Germany and Italy. A union list of European official gazettes held in major UK libraries is also available.
http://ials.sas.ac.uk/flare/flare.htm
Review date: February 1, 2005

Legal research--Québec (Province)--Computer network resources

UNIK
Launched in November 2011 by the Centre for Access to Legal Information / Centre d’accès à l’information juridique (CAIJ), UNIK enables searches across multiple legal information resources available on the CAIJ website using one search tool. Searchable content includes: eDOCTRINE, publications of the Quebec Bar and a selection of titles from the Quebec legal publisher Wilson & Lafleur; eLOIS, annotated Quebec legislation; BIBLIO, the catalogue for CAIJ's libraries; CONCERTO, all resources available in eDOCTRINE and all legislation, case law and legal literature published on CANLII’s website; and TOPO, answers to research questions received by the staff at CAIJ. The interface provides a simple search box, and faceted navigation allows users to refine their searches by legal source, document type, jurisdiction, court, author, date, etc. UNIK can be searched in both English and French, and a mobile version of the website is available.
http://unik.caij.qc.ca/
Review date: August 17, 2012

Legal research--United States--Computer network resources

Cornell Legal Research Encyclopedia
Currently under development, Cornell Law Library's Legal Research Encyclopedia is planned as a comprehensive compilation of legal sources that recognizes the availability of legal materials in multiple formats. The compilation is a topical and jurisdictional arrangement of all available formats, including print, microform, CD-ROM, Westlaw, Lexis, and the Internet, and includes references as well as direct links. Information provided to date as part of this ambitious undertaking consists mainly of United States federal and state law sources, as well as country law guides for Austria, Belgium, France, South Africa, Switzerland and Turkey.
http://library2.lawschool.cornell.edu/encyclopedia/
Review date: March 13, 2000

Linguistic minorities --Canada

AccèsJustice.ca
Dedicated to promoting equal access to justice in both of Canada’s official languages, this new website, created by the Fédération des associations de juristes d’expression française de common law, provides useful legal information in French to both the public and the legal profession. Because access to the judicial system in the minority language varies considerably across Canada, AccèsJustice.ca aims to improve the delivery of legal services in French to minority French-language communities. The website helps members of the public find francophone lawyers in minority French-language communities, assists French-speaking lawyers in improving the services they offer by providing electronic legal tools in French, enables all users to keep abreast of the latest developments and issues relating to language rights in Canada, and promotes the use of information technologies in French by Canada’s francophone and Acadian communities.
http://www.accesjustice.ca
Review date: January 5, 2004

Maritime law--United States

Admiralty and Maritime Law Guide
Part of the WWW Virtual Library, this guide is a useful site for those interested in the study or practice of maritime and admiralty law. The guide includes over 1,500 annotated links to admiralty law resources on the Internet and a growing database of admiralty case digests, opinions and international maritime conventions. The emphasis is on the law of the United States and the focus is on Internet resources that can be used in an effective and practical manner by practitioners. Links are organized into sections covering U.S. primary law sources; international and foreign law sources; maritime industry sites; government, law firm and organization sites; as well as educational institutions, journals and reference materials. Additionally, numerous admiralty judicial opinions and conventions are maintained on the site in either PDF or HTML format. A site map and a search function are available to help users navigate this extensive guide.
http://www.admiraltylawguide.com/index.html
Review date: June 7, 2004

Marketing--Canada

Canadian Marketing Association
One of the key objectives of the Canadian Marketing Association (CMA) is to increase consumer confidence in the marketing by industry by taking a leadership role in responding to consumer concerns. To this end, the CMA website provides a number of useful services free of charge to consumers. These include the "Do Not Contact Service," an online registry to have telephone numbers and addresses removed from marketing lists of CMA members; "Operation Integrity," a customer complaint resolution program to investigate problems with purchases made through the mail, telephone or Internet; and a Web-based e-mail preference service to reduce the amount of unsolicited commercial e-mail. The CMA has also developed self-regulatory policies on standards of business practice, ethics, privacy and marketing to children. The Association's Code of Ethics and Standards of Practice, which is compulsory for CMA members, is available on the website, as well as a searchable membership directory.
http://www.the-cma.org/
Review date: July 7, 2003

Mobile computing

Attorney at Large: A Field Guide for the Mobile Lawyer
Available for download on the Attorney At Work website, this free guide contains a collection of practical tips for lawyers who work
while travelling. It includes advice on mobile technology and communications tools, favorite apps, planning tricks, avoiding travel booby-traps and much more. The guide is available in PDF format (54 pages, 5.67 MB).
http://www.attorneyatwork.com/a-field-guide-for-mobile-lawyers/
Review date: July 3, 2012

Newspapers--Computer network resources

NewspaperLinks.com
NewspaperLinks.com is a comprehensive gateway to newspaper websites around the world. A service of the Newspaper Association of America, the site provides links to U.S. daily and weekly newspapers, Canadian and international daily newspapers, newspaper groups, associations and other media organizations. The site also links to other sites which in turn link to college newspapers and newspaper archives. Users can select a state, province or region from a drop-down list; click on a map of the U.S., Canada or the world; or search by name of country, state, province, city or newspaper. Searches on specific newspaper sections such as business, technology, or politics are available only for U.S. newspapers.
http://www.newspaperlinks.com/home.cfm
Review date: June 3, 2002

Older people--Legal status, laws, etc.--Ontario

Canadian Centre for Elder Law Studies
The website of the Canadian Centre for Elder Law Studies (CCELS), a division of British Columbia Law Institute, provides information about research, law reform and education relating to the particular legal issues which affect older Canadians. There are details of CCELS projects and events, a selection of FAQs providing advice for older adults, a news page with links to legislative updates and new publications, and information about the Centre, its staff and visiting scholars. Reports and consultative documents of CCELS are available online in PDF format, and newspaper articles and radio interviews can be downloaded in a range of formats. A Resources page provides links to elder law resources not directly affiliated with CCELS, including elder law publications, journals, websites, blogs and other sources of advice and information.
http://www.ccels.ca/
Review date: July 27, 2007

Personal injuries--Canada

Economica
The website of the Calgary economic consulting firm Economica, which specializes in the assessment of damages in personal injury and fatal accident actions, will be of interest to anyone involved in personal injury litigation. The site includes numerous articles relating to the economics of personal injury damages, most of which are from the the firm's quarterly electronic newsletter The Expert Witness. Articles are listed in chronological order or categorized by topic. Also provided are easy-to-use calculation tables, including inflation-adjustment tables that can be used to estimate appropriate awards for non-pecuniary damages in Canadian civil actions. These figures are updated monthly, as Statistics Canada releases its consumer price index data.
http://www.economica.ca/index.html
Review date: July 30, 2001

Poor--Canada

PovNet
Developed by a coalition of anti-poverty advocacy organizations in British Columbia, PovNet is a website for advocates, people on welfare, and community groups and individuals involved in anti-poverty work. It provides up-to-date news and information about welfare and housing laws and resources in B.C., as well as links to other anti-poverty organizations and resources in Canada and internationally. Also available are links to online information and resources relating to current issues of anti-poverty, including disability, employment insurance, first nations/aboriginal people, homelessness, human rights, immigrants and refugees, lobbying, community organizing, poorbashing, seniors, welfare, women, and, workfare.
http://www.povnet.org/
Review date: June 4, 2001

Practice of law

CrossingtheBar.com
CrossingtheBar.com offers information and commentary on an area of growing interest to the legal profession—the multijurisdictional practice of law. The site contains admission rules for all U.S. states as well as information on reciprocity agreements between jurisdictions. Access is also provided to American Bar Association and state bar documents and studies on multijurisdictional practice, unlawful practice cases, and other recent developments. While the site is U.S.-focused, it does include selected information on mobility and multijurisdictional practice issues in other countries, including Canada.
http://www.crossingthebar.com
Review date: March 4, 2002

Practice of law--Ontario

BAR-eX
Produced by BAR-eX Communications Inc. with the support of Teranet, the Law Society of Upper Canada, and the Lawyer's Professional Indemnity Company, this site designed exclusively for the Canadian legal community facilitates the electronic exchange of legal information, supplies and services so that lawyers and their support staff can serve their clients efficiently, effectively and competitively. Once registered, BAR-eX members can access a wide variety of legal research resources, services and products in a secure environment. Registration is free, as is access to many of the resources, including the search engine BARflyer and the award-winning Current Awareness Service containing digests prepared by the Great Library.
https://www.bar-ex.com/barex/appmanager/bx/on
Review date: January 7, 2002

Practice Management Guidelines
Located on the website of the Law Society of Upper Canada, the Practice Management Guidelines are an up-to-date and comprehensive online checklist-style resource designed to assist lawyers in assessing, maintaining and enhancing their quality of service. The Guidelines provide a general framework for conducting various aspects of legal work, focusing on eight practice management issues: Client Service and Communication, File Management, Technology, Professional Management, Time Management, Personal Management, and Closing Down Your Practice. Available in electronic (and paper) format, these practical tools link directly to the Law Society's sources and resources. The Guidelines will be reviewed regularly and revised where necessary to reflect the evolving practice of law, and also will be continually enhanced with the addition of precedents, sample documents and other reference tools.
http://rc.lsuc.on.ca/jsp/pmg/executiveSummary.jsp
Review date: November 3, 2003

Privacy, Right of--Canada

Office of the Privacy Commissioner of Canada: Legal Corner
The Office of the Privacy Commissioner of Canada (OPC) has dedicated a corner of its website to provide guidance on the interpretation and application of the Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act (PIPEDA) and the Privacy Act. The Legal Corner offers links and references to a wide range of resources that will be of interest to practitioners in the area of privacy law, including: federal and provincial privacy legislation; case law on the interpretation of provisions under the PIPEDA and the Privacy Act, as well as key concepts in other legislation such as the Access to Information Act and the Official Languages Act; Commissioner's findings on complaints made under the two federal privacy laws; PIPEDA interpretations; recent speeches given by the OPC that may be of particular interest to legal audiences; and guidelines for organizations and government institutions relating to the collection, use and/or disclosure of personal information.
http://privcom.gc.ca/leg_c/index_e.asp
Review date: November 4, 2008

Privacy, Right of--Canada--Cases

PrivacyInfo.ca
This new site maintained by Professor Michael Geist features summaries of all of the Canadian Privacy Commissioner's decisions under the Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act (PIPEDA). While those decisions are available in full text on the Commissioner's site, this site provides additional search functionality, including full-text searches as well as searching by individual provisions, sector, and outcome. The site also contains links to Canadian privacy legislation, recent privacy law news, and other resources, including articles and links to privacy related websites. In addition, a list is available enabling subscribers to receive regular updates of new privacy law decisions, privacy legislation changes, and significant changes to privacy information by e-mail.
http://www.privacyinfo.ca/
Review date: May 3, 2004

Pro se representation--Ontario

Law Help Ontario
Law Help Ontario is a legal resource centre launched by Pro Bono Law Ontario for people who cannot afford legal representation with civil matters at the Toronto Superior Court of Justice. The two-year pilot centre is based at 393 University Avenue in Toronto, in the building that houses the Superior Court of Justice, and has a second location at Small Claims Court in Toronto. Walk-in clients can receive services such as plain language information about court rules and procedures, assistance filling out court forms, and pro bono legal advice and pro bono duty counsel representation at certain types of appearances. The Law Help Ontario website provides online resources and automated document assembly to support the Law Help centres. Law Help Ontario is designed for litigants that cannot qualify for legal aid or afford to hire a lawyer. The services offered by the centre directly respond to the recently released Coulter Osborne Civil Justice Reform Project report on ways to improve public access to civil courts. Law Help Ontario at Superior Court opened to the public on Monday, December 3, 2007 and will be open Monday through Friday, from 9 a.m. to 4 p.m. The Small Claims Court location provides services to unrepresented litigants two days each week. The project is funded by the Law Foundation of Ontario.
http://www.lawhelpontario.org/
Review date: December 14, 2007

Professions--Law and legislation--Ontario

Office of the Fairness Commissioner
The Office of the Fairness Commissioner is responsible for assessing the registration practices of certain regulated professions. Its purpose is to ensure these practices are transparent, objective, impartial and fair for anyone applying to practise his or her profession in Ontario. Information about the background and mandate of the Office is provided on its recently launched website. Also available on the site are links to the websites of the 14 non-health professions covered by the Fair Access to Regulated Professions Act, 2006 and the 21 health professions covered by the Regulated Health Professions Act, 1991, as amended; links to helpful information for internationally trained professionals seeking to enter regulated professions; a list of the Office's activities planned for the coming year; links to relevant legislation, organizations, and provincial ministries to which regulatory bodies report; and frequently asked questions. The first agency of its kind in Canada, the Office of the Fairness Commissioner was established in April 2007 under the Fair Access to Regulated Professions Act, 2006. The commissioner is Hon. Jean Augustine, PC.
http://www.fairnesscommissioner.ca/en/
Review date: March 3, 2008

Publishers and publishing

A Legal Publishers List: Corporate Affiliations of Legal Publishers, 2d ed.
Maintained by the American Association of Law Libraries Committee on Relations with Information Vendors (CRIV), this list of corporate affiliations represents a collaborative effort by law librarians and legal information industry professionals to trace the current lines of ownership in the legal publishing industry. The publishers in the Legal Publishers List are divided into five groups on five separate webpages: Thomson, Reed Elsevier, Wolters Kluwer, Other Publisher with Subsidiaries, and Independent Publishers. This list is undergoing continual revision, and an index to all the company names is in the works. Current news about publishers is reported on the CRIV News page. Another useful tool is CRIV's Divested Titles List, which provides a quick reference for those seeking to determine if a particular title is still being published, and if so, by whom. For links to publishers not listed, users are referred to AcqWeb's Directory of Publishers and Vendors, which includes a special directory of Law Publishers.
http://www.aallnet.org/committee/criv/resources/tools/list/index.htm
Review date: September 3, 2003

Refugees--Legal status, laws, etc.

Refugee Caselaw Site
This site is designed to assist judges, advocates and policymakers around the world to access leading court decisions that interpret the legal definition of a "refugee" set by the 1951 Refugee Convention and its 1967 Protocol. The core collection contains cases from the highest national courts of Australia, Canada, Germany, New Zealand, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and the United States. These cases have been selected and summarized by Professor James Hathaway of the University of Michigan Law School and Professor Walter Kälin of the Institute of Public Law of the Faculty of Law, University of Bern. As of 2004, the collection began including decisions from other asylum countries, as well as the most important decisions of lower courts and tribunals in the core collection states. The database offers descriptive records with options to view or download full-text cases in PDF format. The database can be searched by case name, date of decision, country of origin, jurisdiction and court. Topical searches are facilitated by reference to a classification scheme developed from chapter numbering and coverage in Professor Hathaway's treatise on The Law of Refugee Status (Toronto: Butterworths, 1991). A collection of useful Internet links to sites concerning international and regional refugee law, national refugee case law, and refugee law journals is also available on the site.
http://www.refugeecaselaw.org/default.asp
Review date: February 5, 2001; revised March 4, 2005

Same-sex marriage--Law and legislation--History--Bibliography

Same-Sex Marriage: A Selective Bibliography
Part of the Pathfinder Series located on the website of the Rutgers Law Library - Newark, this online bibliography contains an overview of the legal history of same-sex marriage as well as categorized resources. The bibliography comprises Web-based resources; books; journal articles, both supporting and opposing same-sex marriage; and case law, legislation and related secondary legal materials organized by jurisdiction. U.S. states and countries around the world are represented, including the common law jurisdictions Australia, Canada, New Zealand and the United Kingdom. Some resources are annotated, and where available, links are provided to online versions. Originally published in September 2002, the bibliography is kept up to date and includes the recent Ontario Court of Appeal decision in Halpern v. Attorney General of Canada.
http://law-library.rutgers.edu/SSM.html.
Review date: August 5, 2003

Securities--Canada

Canadian Securities Law Portal
Launched on January 26, 2011, the Canadian Securities Law Portal is dedicated to facilitating discussion and debate regarding the proposed national securities regulator, including gathering together in one place all relevant material for the federal reference to the Supreme Court of Canada, and provincial references to the courts of appeal of Alberta and Quebec. The Portal aims to address questions concerning the ongoing battle for jurisdiction to regulate Canada's capital markets, including: Does the Parliament of Canada have legislative authority to enact the proposed Canadian Securities Act, which would establish a Canadian securities regulator? Why is a Canadian securities regulator necessary? What legal structure will ultimately govern issuers, intermediaries, self-regulatory organizations, investors and other capital market stakeholders? Would the structure proposed under the Act be effective if implemented? What are its strengths and weaknesses? The Canadian Securities Law Portal is based in Toronto, Ontario, and is supervised by Anita Anand, of the University of Toronto Faculty of Law.
http://www.securitieslawportal.ca/
Review date: February 24, 2011

SEDAR
Developed by the Canadian Depository for Securities, this site provides access to public securities filings and company profiles. SEDAR, the System for Electronic Document Analysis and Retrieval, has been used since January 1, 1997 to file securities related information with Canadian securities regulatory authorities. Website users can find and retrieve public securities documents and the profiles of public companies and mutual fund groups. Documents are available on the first business day following the date they are made public by the securities commissions. Press releases, financial statements, notices of meeting dates, and annual reports are available the first business day following the date filed with SEDAR.
http://www.sedar.com/
Review date: July 5, 2001

Social sciences--Computer network resources

Intute: Social Sciences
The Social Sciences pages of Intute provide selected, high quality Internet information for researchers and practitioners in the social sciences, business, and law. Features of the site include an online catalogue offering search and browse access to thousands of quality-checked resources worldwide, each site described and classified by subject experts, as well as access to thousands more via an automatic index enabling users to jump to pages linked from the sites selected for the catalogue. Users can also customize an account in order to receive e-mail alerts of new Internet resources in their areas of interest.
http://www.intute.ac.uk/socialsciences/
Review date: December 10, 2001; revised July 15, 2008

Tariff preferences--Law and legislation

Preferential Trade Agreements Database
The McGill Faculty of Law Preferential Trade Agreements (PTAs) Database contains texts of international custom unions, free trade agreements and preferential arrangements that have been notified to the World Trade Organization's Committee on Regional Trade Agreements and are in force, as well as many that have not been notified. The texts of the PTAs can be keyword searched on the entire database, individually downloaded in PDF format, or directly accessed on the official websites of the government departments responsible for them. The database also provides links to PTA resources on the Internet and an interdisciplinary bibliography on PTA-related issues. The database was built two years ago, and since then, information has been constantly added to keep it as current as possible. The goal is to provide a one-stop comprehensive resource for current information concerning the proliferation of preferential trade agreements. However, access to some sections of the database is restricted to individuals involved in the project.
http://ptas.mcgill.ca/
Review date: November 26, 2007

Taxation--Law and legislation--Canada--Cases

Tax Court of Canada
The Tax Court of Canada has begun publishing its judgments on its website. The majority of appeals heard by the Court, which succeeded the Tax Appeal Board in 1983, are on matters arising under the Income Tax Act, the Employment Insurance Act and Part IX of the Excise Tax Act (GST). Currently available are judgments from 1998 to date. The full text of all the judgments is searchable, or a search can be limited to recent judgments, or by year, name, subject (particular Act) or docket number. Also provided is information about the Court, its jurisdiction, and Act and Rules, as well as forms and general information relating to the various types of appeals heard by the Court.
http://decision.tcc-cci.gc.ca/
Review date: May 1, 2000

Technology and law

Bytes in Brief
Bytes in Brief is a free monthly digest of law and technology news designed to keep members of the legal and business community up to date on major Internet law and technology developments. It provides a synopsis of related news and links to sources with more expanded coverage. A publication of Sensei Enterprises, a legal technology and computer forensics firm, Bytes in Brief is available on the Web (the current issue as well as past issues from July 1997 to date) or by mailing list subscription.
http://www.senseient.com/publications/publications.asp
Review date: February 4, 2000; revised November 26, 2007

Legal Technology Insider
This niche market website from the United Kingdom provides the latest legal technology and new media law news and information. In addition to the current week's news stories, the website includes searchable archives of back issues of the newsletter Legal Technology Insider dating from 1997 (the latest issue is available by subscription only) and Insider Newswire, a free ezine that reported the latest legal technology and new media law news, both in the U.K. and internationally, from 1998-2004.
http://www.legaltechnology.org/
Review date: December 10, 2001; revised: April 18, 2006

Telecommunications--Law and legislation

ICT Regulatory Decisions Clearinghouse (ICTDec)
The ICT Regulatory Decisions Clearinghouse (ICTDec) provides a one-stop access point to decisions originating from global information and communication technology (ICT) decision-making bodies such as telecommunications regulators, industry ombudsmen and specialized dispute resolution tribunals. Currently, ICTDec provides unified and simplified access to thousands of decisions available on the Web, as well as to selected decisions unavailable online. ICTDec integrates two services in a single online resource: a Web search engine of websites belonging to ICT decision-making bodies; and a catalogued repository of ICT regulatory decisions. The documents published on the websites of ICT decision-making bodies can be searched on a country-by-country basis or on a global level. The ICTDec repository serves as a global publication platform for decisions issued by ICT decision making-bodies. Decisions added to the repository can be accessed by theme (subject matter) or by country or region. Summaries of selected decisions are available to assist user research and analysis. As the ICTDec project develops, more decisions will be added to the repository, thereby adding continuously to the international pool of precedents. ICTDec is the result of a partnership between the International Telecommunication Union, the World Bank and LexUM (the University of Montreal's legal technologies laboratory).
http://www.ictdec.org/index.html
Date reviewed: October 26, 2007

Telecommunications--Law and legislation--Canada

Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission
This bilingual site provides the full text of newly released CRTC decisions, orders, and news releases, as well as a calendar of public hearings and information relating to upcoming public hearings. Also available are the full text of broadcasting and telecommunications legislation, including the Broadcasting Act, 1991, the Telecommunications Act, and associated regulations; the CRTC Rules of Procedure; a searchable archive of CRTC website documents from April 1995; and a bibliography of publications considered "core reference" items by the CRTC library staff.
http://www.crtc.gc.ca/eng/welcome.htm
Review date: January 20, 1999

Terminal care--Law and legislation--Canada

Dalhousie Health Law Institute End of Life Project
The website of the Dalhousie University Health Law Institute End of Life Project serves as an information source for the public, healthcare providers, the media, and policy decision-makers about end of life law and policy in Canada and around the world. There is information about advance directives, palliative interventions, and the withholding and withdrawal of potentially life-sustaining treatment. There are explanations of the law on various aspects of end of life care, answers to frequently asked questions, an online library, reports on research conducted by the project team, a glossary, and links to related sites with other useful information. On an ongoing basis, the Health Law Institute strives to keep the End of Life Project website accurate and up to date.
http://as01.ucis.dal.ca/dhli/cmp_welcome/default.cfm
Review date: November 24, 2011

Tobacco--Law and legislation--Canada

Canadian Law and Tobacco
The Canadian Law and Tobacco site, produced for the National Clearinghouse on Tobacco and Health Program, is designed to provide full access to major tobacco control laws in Canada, including federal, provincial and territorial legislation. Users can access major tobacco-specific statutes and regulations in each jurisdiction as well as notable excerpts from non-tobacco laws, such as occupational health legislation. (No federal or provincial tobacco tax laws and regulations have been included.) Access to a subject breakdown of legislative provisions in each province is also provided. Major subject categories include "promotion, packaging & products," "manufacturers & distributors," "point of sale" and "smoking." For users who cannot find an answer to a question or would like to report a violation of a law, a list of federal and provincial contacts is available. A search function is included in the website.
http://www.cctc.ca/cctc/EN/lawandtobacco/introduction.
Review date: June 13, 2003

Treaties

ASIL Guide to Electronic Resources for International Law: Treaties
The treaty research guide compiled by Jill Watson for the website of the American Society of International Law is a helpful pathfinder for treaty research. It includes tips on how to find the full text of a treaty and how to determine its status, i.e., signature, ratification, and in force information. Resources covered are available on the Internet, commercial online databases, CD-ROM, and in print. The section on Treaties on the Internet contains extensive links to treaty sites of government bodies, international organizations, and non-governmental organizations such as the United Nations, the U.S. Congressional Record, UNIDROIT, and the Hague Conference. Just in case a picture of a treaty being signed is needed, a link is also provided to a UN site that posts photos of recent signings.
http://www.asil.org/resource/treaty1.htm
Review date: August 30, 2001

Canada Treaty Information
The Treaty Section of the Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade (DFAIT) is responsible for publishing in the Canada Treaty Series the texts of agreements that have come into force for Canada. One of the most important functions of the Treaty Section is the maintenance of up-to-date records of all pertinent information relating to the status of treaties affecting Canada. Some of this information has been made available to the general public via a searchable database of treaties on the DFAIT website. Users can perform quick or detailed searches on all the treaties or limit a search to bilateral or multilateral treaties. Search results include the treaty name; the dates of ratification, accession, entry into force and termination; the date and place of signature; the parties; and references to published texts. Also available are links to other sites of interest.
http://www.treaty-accord.gc.ca/Section.asp?Page=TS.
Review date: December 1, 2003

Treaties--Collections

Canado-American Treaties
The full text of all bilateral treaties between the United States of America and Canada from 1783 to 1997 is accessible on this website, developed by the LexUM team of the Centre de recherche en droit public at the University of Montreal. Full-text or fielded searches are available, as well as the option of browsing 279 treaties by subjects ranging from Air to Intellectual Property to War Supplies. The treaties were made available for public access on the Internet by an agreement between Canada and the United States, which is being implemented jointly by LexUM and the Library of International Relations, the Chicago-Kent College of Law, and the Illinois Institute of Technology. The full text on the LexUM site will eventually be linked to images of the original documents on the Chicago site.
http://www.lexum.org/ca_us/index_en.html
Review date: May 4, 2001; updated March 31, 2011

Multilaterals Project
The Multilaterals Project at the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, Tufts University, is an ongoing project designed to make available the texts of international multilateral conventions and other instruments. Although the project was initiated to improve public access to environmental agreements,  the collection now includes treaties in the fields of human rights, commerce and trade, laws of war and arms control, and other areas. The majority of texts date from the second half of the 20th century, but the collection also contains historical texts ranging from the 1648 Treaty of Westphalia to the Covenant of the League of Nations. Users can browse the treaties by subject or date or search the full text by keyword.
http://fletcher.tufts.edu/multilaterals.html
Review date: December 1, 2000

Treaties--Indexes

Flare Index to Treaties
Launched in March 2009, the Flare Index to Treaties is a fully searchable database of basic information on 1,500 of the most significant multilateral treaties from 1856 onwards. The index has been compiled by Dr. Peter Clinch of Cardiff University and is hosted on the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies (IALS) website at the University of London. Entries are based on the content of Multilateral Treaties: Index and Current Status by Michael Bowman and David Harris (London: Butterworths, 1984-1994) and supplemented by more recent treaties from additional sources. The Index can be searched by keyword, title, date and/or place. Results include information regarding print sources for treaty texts, links to full-text sources on the Internet, the date and place of conclusion of the treaty, whether the treaty was included in Bowman and Harris, the official languages in which the treaty is available, and the name of the state or international organization acting as the depository for the treaty. Information about amendments and protocols is also included. It is anticipated that the Index will be updated annually. Flare is a collaborative group of major U.K. law libraries (IALS, the Bodleian Law Library, the Squire Law Library, the British Library and the School of Oriental and African Studies) with international law collections.
http://193.62.18.232/dbtw-wpd/textbase/treatysearch.htm
Review date: June 1, 2009

Trial practice--Canada

Supreme Court Advocacy Institute
The principal goal of the Supreme Court Advocacy Institute is to provide pro bono, non-partisan advocacy advice to parties appearing in an appeal before the Supreme Court of Canada. Targeted principally at counsel appearing before the Court for the first time, the Institute's Advocacy Program provides advocacy sessions designed to help counsel refine their arguments and to familiarize them with the general proceedings of the Court. During an advocacy session counsel practice their oral argument in a formal setting before a panel composed of three or more senior appellate counsel, former Supreme Court law clerks, and professors of law. The panel tests counsel's submissions in order to simulate the experience before the Supreme Court and offers critiques of the argument as well as general comments to help maximize counsel's opportunity to present an effective, informative oral argument. The sessions are open to one side of an appeal on a first-come-first-serve basis. The Institute also provides public legal education through advocacy training programs, conferences and forums related to legal skills and other continuing legal education services offered to the legal community and the public across Canada.
http://www.scai-ipcs.ca/main.html
Review date: May 14, 2007

Uniform provincial laws--Canada

Uniform Law Conference of Canada
Devoted to harmonizing legislation throughout Canada or the provinces and territories on subjects on which uniformity may be found to be possible and advantageous, the Uniform Law Conference of Canada prepares and recommends uniform statutes to the jurisdictions for enactment. The Conference's website provides information about the current work of the Civil and Criminal Sections, priorities for harmonization grouped by theme, selected uniform acts, and proceedings of the annual meetings since 1994. Current civil work includes the Uniform Electronic Commerce Act, which is available on the site in an annotated version.
http://www.ulcc.ca/en/home/
Review date: April 3, 2000

United Nations--Information services

United Nations Documentation: Research Guide
This guide from the United Nations Dag Hammarskjöld Library is designed for researchers and information professionals with an interest in United Nations documentation. It presents an overview of the various types of documents and publications issued by the organization (e.g, reports, studies, resolutions, meeting records, sales publications, press releases) and gives guidance on where to find them in either electronic or paper format and how to work with them. The research guide also provides information on actions taken by the General Assembly as well as the Security Council and introduces researchers to major fields of UN activities, including disarmament, the environment, human rights, international law, and peacekeeping.
http://www.un.org/Depts/dhl/resguide/index.html
Review date: January 14, 2003

United States--Commercial treaties

TCC Trade Agreements Database
The Trade and Related Agreements (TARA) reference database made available by the Trade Compliance Center (TCC) in the U.S. Department of Commerce's International Trade Administration contains fully searchable texts of more than 250 trade agreements to which the United States is a party, as well as related documents important to business. TARA agreements can be accessed by title, service industry, goods industry, issue, or country/ signatory of interest. Also provided are quick links to a country reports database of timely economic and commercial information on market access issues and standards of conduct, which can be accessed by report or by region.
http://tcc.export.gov/Trade_Agreements/index.asp
Review date: May 1, 2000

United States--Politics and government--Computer network resources

FirstGov
FirstGov, the official information portal for the United States federal government, is intended to serve as a single point of entry to all online government resources. Users can search the full text of every federal government Web page on the Internet–currently estimated to be between 50 and 100 million pages. Also offered is access to state and local government information. A practical feature is the "Interesting Topics" area, which provides links to resources under topics such as business and economy, environment and energy, library and reference (which includes U.S. laws, bills in Congress, regulations, statistical information), science and technology, and U.S. in the world.
http://firstgov.gov/
Review date: October 2, 2000

Web archives

Internet Archive
The Internet Archive is a non-profit organization that was founded in 1996 to build a free and openly accessible online digital library, including an archive of the World Wide Web. Archived copies of billions of websites can be searched using the Wayback Machine. By entering a URL, users can view archived versions of Web pages across time. In addition to Web archives, the Internet Archive maintains extensive collections of digital media that are organized into collections by media type (texts, moving images, audio, etc.), and into sub-collections by various criteria. The Canadian Libraries texts sub-collection currently includes over 200,000 digitized items. Recent additions of particular interest to the legal profession include Ontario historical legislative materials contributed by the Ontario Legislative Library, the University of Toronto's Bora Laskin Law Library and Osgoode Hall Law School Library. The digitized volumes are full-text searchable, are available in multiple formats (PDF, flip-book, TXT), and can be read online, downloaded or printed.
http://www.archive.org/
Review date: October 14, 2009

Web archives--Canada

Government of Canada Web Archive
The Government of Canada Web Archive comprises a collection of biannually harvested websites of the entire Government of Canada web domain. Library and Archives Canada (LAC) began harvesting the websites of all federal government departments, agencies and commissions in December 2005. The archive has been publicly accessible since November 2007 and currently contains over 170 million digital objects and more than 7 terabytes of data. The content can be searched by keyword, departmental name and URL. Searches can also be limited by date and by document type, e.g., Image, Video, PDF, DOC, HTML. At the top of each archived web page, the specific date on which the website was harvested appears in a bright green banner. LAC has implemented this significant Canadian web archive through the use of open source tools developed by the International Internet Preservation Consortium. The goal of this organization is to collect, preserve and ensure long-term access to Internet content from around the world through the collaborative development of common tools and techniques for developing web archives.
http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/webarchives/index-e.html
Review date: September 14, 2009

Women's rights

Association for Women's Rights in Development (AWID)
Formed in 1982, the Association for Women's Rights in Development (AWID) is an international membership organization with headquarters in Toronto committed to achieving gender equality, sustainable development and women's human rights. The AWID website provides the latest news, in-depth analysis, practical tools, announcements and jobs on women's rights and gender and development from around the world. The site is interactive in that users may comment on articles, share views with other readers, and forward articles to colleagues and friends. In addition, all articles contain links to social networking sites. Content is classified by categories such as topic, region, and type of AWID initiative. A search engine is available.
http://www.awid.org/
Review date: June 9, 2009

Women's Human Rights Resources
Located on the website of the Bora Laskin Law Library at the University of Toronto, the Women's Human Rights Resources pages provide comprehensive information on international women's human rights. Included are a searchable database of articles, conventions, UN and NGO reports, case law and legislation, with references to other material and links to related websites; research guides on international women's human rights law, international family law, and treaties and other sources of international law; and special features on such topics as women in Afghanistan, age of marriage, and labor and employment, as well as a collection of decisions and judgments on women's rights.
http://www.law-lib.utoronto.ca/diana/mainpage.htm
Review date: August 12, 2002